Optimizing the intragastric pH as a supportive therapy in upper GI bleeding

Yale J Biol Med. 1996 May-Jun;69(3):225-31.

Abstract

Acid inhibitory therapy has long been considered of no benefit for upper GI bleeding. The reason was that achlorhydria in the stomach could not be achieved with any single or combination of acid inhibitory drugs. The introduction of proton pump inhibitors has, for the first time, allowed the physician to temporarily achieve achlorhydria by large doses of intravenously applied proton pump inhibitors. The first placebo-controlled clinical trials have shown that, indeed, an intragastric pH of near 7 can significantly improve the clinical outcome of upper GI bleeding. Pharmacokinetic studies with proton pump inhibitors have shown that a bolus of 80 mg pantoprazole or omeprazole followed by immediate continuous infusion of eight mg per hour will result in an intragastric pH of 7 within 20 minutes. This intragastric pH optimizes the different steps of hemostasis in the stomach.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles
  • Adult
  • Anti-Ulcer Agents / administration & dosage
  • Anti-Ulcer Agents / pharmacology
  • Benzimidazoles / administration & dosage
  • Benzimidazoles / pharmacology
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Drug Tolerance
  • Female
  • Gastric Acid / chemistry*
  • Gastric Acid / metabolism*
  • Gastric Mucosa / drug effects
  • Gastric Mucosa / metabolism
  • Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / drug therapy*
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration / drug effects*
  • Infusions, Intravenous
  • Injections, Intravenous
  • Male
  • Omeprazole / analogs & derivatives
  • Pantoprazole
  • Proton Pump Inhibitors
  • Random Allocation
  • Sulfoxides / administration & dosage
  • Sulfoxides / pharmacology
  • Time Factors

Substances

  • 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles
  • Anti-Ulcer Agents
  • Benzimidazoles
  • Proton Pump Inhibitors
  • Sulfoxides
  • Pantoprazole
  • Omeprazole