Ten-Year Comparison Study of Type 1 and 2 Endometrial Cancers: Risk Factors and Outcomes

Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2019;84(3):290-297. doi: 10.1159/000493132. Epub 2019 Jan 2.

Abstract

Aims: To compare baseline risk factors for type 1 vs. 2 endometrial cancers and analyze these risk factors for association with overall survival and time to recurrence.

Methods: Retrospective review of 816 consecutive endometrial cancer cases was conducted with diagnosis from January 2005 to December 2010 and clinical course until 2016. Risk factors, treatment, recurrence, and death were compared using 2 sample t tests, χ2 test and Cox Regression models.

Results: There were 550 cases of type 1 and 266 cases of type 2 cancer. Patients with type 2 disease were older (p < 0.001), less obese (p = 0.03), non-white (p < 0.001), and menopausal (p = 0.02). There was no difference in use of oral contraceptives, hormone replacement therapy (HRT), smoking, or major cardiovascular disease. Cox Regression models showed that type 2 disease (p < 0.001) and advanced stage (p = 0.001) were associated with recurrence.

Conclusions: Consistent with previous literature, our analysis found that type 2 cancer is more common in non-white, older, and less obese patients and associated with higher mortality and recurrence. However, inconsistent with previous literature, we found no association between type 2 cancer and diabetes mellitus or use of HRT. These factors should be considered when approaching patients with endometrial cancer.

Keywords: Endometrial cancer risk factors; Endometrial cancer type.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Contraceptives, Oral
  • Endometrial Neoplasms / classification*
  • Endometrial Neoplasms / epidemiology*
  • Endometrial Neoplasms / therapy
  • Ethnicity
  • Female
  • Hormone Replacement Therapy / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Menopause
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / epidemiology
  • Obesity / complications
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Contraceptives, Oral