Abstract
Several components of breast milk show circadian variability. It is likely that at least some of these macronutrients, hormones, and micronutrients produce circadian stimuli that enhance the well-being of breast-fed infants. Future research should determine whether high-risk infants benefit if breast milk is given during the same circadian phase as it was expressed.
Keywords:
breast milk; circadian; infant nutrition.
MeSH terms
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Bottle Feeding
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Breast Milk Expression / adverse effects
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Breast Milk Expression / methods*
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Chronotherapy / methods*
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Circadian Rhythm / physiology*
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Energy Intake
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Humans
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Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena*
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Infant, Newborn
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Infant, Premature
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Lactation / physiology
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Micronutrients / chemistry
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Milk Proteins / chemistry*
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Milk, Human / chemistry*
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Milk, Human / immunology
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Nutritive Value
Substances
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Micronutrients
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Milk Proteins