Postoperative Edema Resolution following Rhinoplasty: A Three-Dimensional Morphometric Assessment

Plast Reconstr Surg. 2016 Dec;138(6):973e-979e. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000002760.

Abstract

Background: The final result of rhinoplasty may be masked for several months after surgery because of postoperative edema; however, no objective evidence supports this time estimate. The purpose of this study was to three-dimensionally quantify the decrease in postsurgical nasal edema following rhinoplasty over the first postoperative year.

Methods: This was a retrospective, three-dimensional, morphometric study of primary, open rhinoplasty patients. Subjects with at least three postoperative three-dimensional images up to 1 year were included. Patients were excluded for closed or secondary procedures or cleft deformities. Images were assessed using three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry (Vectra) and volumetric analysis (Geomagic). Baseline nasal volume (time 0) occurred at the first postoperative visit at 1 to 2 weeks. All subsequent nasal volume measurements were calculated as a percentage of baseline values. Data points from all patients were pooled, and a six-point moving average was used to create an inverse function line of best fit.

Results: Forty patients were included, with 146 three-dimensional photographs quantified. The equation for the inverse function line of best fit of the six-point moving average was y = 1.484 (1/x) + 0.844 (R = 0.85, p < 0.01). According to this equation, approximately two-thirds of edema resolves within the first month, 95 percent after 6 months, and 97.5 percent after 1 year. A plateau is reached at 84.4 percent of the original postoperative volume.

Conclusions: This study provides quantitative evidence to predict decrement of rhinoplasty edema with time. Three-dimensional morphometric assessment demonstrated a two-thirds decrease in edema at 1 month, a 95 percent decrease at 6 months, and a 97.5 percent decrease at 1 year.

Clinical question/level of evidence: Therapeutic, IV.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Edema / diagnostic imaging
  • Edema / etiology*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Imaging, Three-Dimensional*
  • Male
  • Nose Diseases / diagnostic imaging
  • Nose Diseases / etiology*
  • Outcome Assessment, Health Care
  • Photogrammetry / methods*
  • Postoperative Complications* / diagnostic imaging
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Rhinoplasty*