Epigenetics in Cancer: A Hematological Perspective

PLoS Genet. 2016 Oct 10;12(10):e1006193. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006193. eCollection 2016 Oct.

Abstract

For several decades, we have known that epigenetic regulation is disrupted in cancer. Recently, an increasing body of data suggests epigenetics might be an intersection of current cancer research trends: next generation sequencing, immunology, metabolomics, and cell aging. The new emphasis on epigenetics is also related to the increasing production of drugs capable of interfering with epigenetic mechanisms and able to trigger clinical responses in even advanced phase patients. In this review, we will use myeloid malignancies as proof of concept examples of how epigenetic mechanisms can trigger or promote oncogenesis. We will also show how epigenetic mechanisms are related to genetic aberrations, and how they affect other systems, like immune response. Finally, we will show how we can try to influence the fate of cancer cells with epigenetic therapy.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / genetics
  • DNA Methylation / genetics*
  • Epigenesis, Genetic*
  • Hematologic Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Hematologic Neoplasms / pathology
  • High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
  • Histones / genetics
  • Humans

Substances

  • Histones