The intraperitoneal administration of chemotherapeutic and biological agents as therapy of ovarian carcinoma is based on both theoretical considerations and experimental evaluations which suggest that tumor present in the cavity can be exposed to higher concentrations of certain antineoplastic drugs than can be accomplished if the agents are administered systemically. Recent clinical data have confirmed both the safety and pharmacokinetic advantage associated with this approach. Surgically defined responses have been observed in patients with small-volume residual refractory ovarian carcinoma treated with several single-agent and combination intraperitoneal therapeutic programs. While significant activity has been noted in this clinical setting, a clearly defined role for intraperitoneal treatment in the standard management of ovarian carcinoma remains to be determined.