What doesn't kill you makes you stronger: A national study of U.S. military veterans

J Affect Disord. 2016 Jan 1:189:269-71. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.08.076. Epub 2015 Sep 25.

Abstract

Background: Posttraumatic growth (PTG) is commonly observed among trauma survivors. However, few studies have treated PTG as multi-dimensional and examined how different PTG dimensions may be protective against the negative effects of future trauma.

Methods: Using a nationally representative web-based survey of 1057 U.S. military veterans followed for two years, we examined whether different PTG dimensions had a protective effect on the severity and diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the face of new traumatic life events.

Results: Greater scores on the Personal Strength domain of the PTG Inventory-Short Form at baseline was associated with reduced severity (β=-.05, p<.05) and incidence (OR=.68, 95% CI=.50-.93) of PTSD at a two-year follow-up.

Limitations: Results are associational and causality cannot be inferred so replication is needed.

Conclusions: This study highlights the multi-dimensional nature of PTG and demonstrates a salubrious effect of trauma-related gains in personal strength on incident PTSD.

Keywords: Posttraumatic growth; Posttraumatic stress disorder; Resilience; Trauma; Veterans.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Health Surveys
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Protective Factors
  • Resilience, Psychological*
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / diagnosis
  • Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / epidemiology
  • Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / psychology*
  • United States / epidemiology
  • Veterans / psychology*
  • Veterans / statistics & numerical data