Diagnostic efficacy of whole-body diffusion-weighted imaging in the detection of tumour recurrence and metastasis by comparison with 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography or computed tomography in patients with gastrointestinal cancer

Jiaying Gong; Wuteng Cao; Zhanwen Zhang; Yanhong Deng; Liang Kang; Pan Zhu; Zhengjun Liu; Zhiyang Zhou

doi:10.1093/gastro/gou078

Diagnostic efficacy of whole-body diffusion-weighted imaging in the detection of tumour recurrence and metastasis by comparison with 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography or computed tomography in patients with gastrointestinal cancer

Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf). 2015 May;3(2):128-35. doi: 10.1093/gastro/gou078. Epub 2014 Nov 17.

Authors

Jiaying Gong¹, Wuteng Cao¹, Zhanwen Zhang¹, Yanhong Deng¹, Liang Kang¹, Pan Zhu¹, Zhengjun Liu¹, Zhiyang Zhou²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Radiology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital (The Gastrointestinal & Anal Hospital) of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital (The Gastrointestinal & Anal Hospital) of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, Department of Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital (The Gastrointestinal & Anal Hospital) of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China and Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital (The Gastrointestinal & Anal Hospital) of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
² Department of Radiology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital (The Gastrointestinal & Anal Hospital) of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital (The Gastrointestinal & Anal Hospital) of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, Department of Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital (The Gastrointestinal & Anal Hospital) of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China and Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital (The Gastrointestinal & Anal Hospital) of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China zhouzyang@hotmail.com.

Abstract

Objective: The primary aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of whole-body diffusion-weighted imaging (WB-DWI) in detecting tumour recurrence and metastasis of gastrointestinal cancers by comparison with 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography or computed tomography ((18)F-FDG-PET/CT). A secondary aim was to evaluate the change of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value between metastases and normal tissues.

Methods: Twenty-eight previously confirmed gastrointestinal cancer patients with suspected tumour recurrence or metastasis were recruited. WB-DWI and PET/CT images were evaluated by two radiologists and a nuclear medicine physician. Agreement between WB-DWI and PET/CT for detective efficacy was compared using kappa statistics. Additionally, diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), and positive predictive value (PPV) were also statistically analysed. ADC values between metastatic and normal tissues were compared.

Results: There was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) in the overall diagnostic performances of PET/CT (accuracy 98.9%; sensitivity 95.2%; specificity 99.8%; PPV 98.9%; NPV 98.9%) and WB-DWI (accuracy 95.9%; sensitivity 81.7%; specificity 99.1%; PPV 95.0%; NPV 96.1%). WB-DWI showed agreement with PET/CT (κ = 0.877) for detecting recurrence and distant metastases. A statistically significant difference in ADC value was observed between tissues of normal healthy volunteers and metastases in lymph nodes, liver and bones (P < 0.05).

Conclusions: WB-DWI is reliable in detecting tumour recurrence and metastasis of colorectal cancer and offers the same diagnostic performance as (18)F-PET/CT without ionizing radiation. The quantitative value of ADC provides extra information to determine cancer metastasis.

Keywords: 18F-FDG-PET/CT; apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC); colorectal cancer; metastasis; recurrence; whole-body diffusion-weighted imaging (WB-DWI).