Direct assessment of hepatic mitochondrial oxidative and anaplerotic fluxes in humans using dynamic 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Nat Med. 2014 Jan;20(1):98-102. doi: 10.1038/nm.3415. Epub 2013 Dec 8.

Abstract

Despite the central role of the liver in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, there are currently no methods to directly assess hepatic oxidative metabolism in humans in vivo. By using a new (13)C-labeling strategy in combination with (13)C magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we show that rates of mitochondrial oxidation and anaplerosis in human liver can be directly determined noninvasively. Using this approach, we found the mean rates of hepatic tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle flux (VTCA) and anaplerotic flux (VANA) to be 0.43 ± 0.04 μmol g(-1) min(-1) and 0.60 ± 0.11 μmol g(-1) min(-1), respectively, in twelve healthy, lean individuals. We also found the VANA/VTCA ratio to be 1.39 ± 0.22, which is severalfold lower than recently published estimates using an indirect approach. This method will be useful for understanding the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes, as well as for assessing the effectiveness of new therapies targeting these pathways in humans.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Carbon Radioisotopes
  • Citric Acid Cycle / physiology
  • Computer Simulation
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / physiopathology
  • Fatty Liver / physiopathology
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / methods*
  • Metabolic Networks and Pathways / physiology*
  • Mitochondria, Liver / metabolism*
  • Monte Carlo Method
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Staining and Labeling / methods

Substances

  • Carbon Radioisotopes