Single-dose replication-defective VSV-based Nipah virus vaccines provide protection from lethal challenge in Syrian hamsters

Antiviral Res. 2014 Jan:101:26-9. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.10.012. Epub 2013 Oct 30.

Abstract

Nipah virus (NiV) continues to cause outbreaks of fatal human encephalitis due to spillover from its bat reservoir. We determined that a single dose of replication-defective vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-based vaccine vectors expressing either the NiV fusion (F) or attachment (G) glycoproteins protected hamsters from over 1000 times LD50 NiV challenge. This highly effective single-dose protection coupled with an enhanced safety profile makes these candidates ideal for potential use in livestock and humans.

Keywords: Hamster; Henipavirus; Nipah; Single-dose; VSV; Vaccine.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cricetinae
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Drug Carriers*
  • Henipavirus Infections / prevention & control*
  • Mesocricetus
  • Nipah Virus / genetics
  • Nipah Virus / immunology*
  • Survival Analysis
  • Vaccines, Synthetic / administration & dosage
  • Vaccines, Synthetic / genetics
  • Vaccines, Synthetic / immunology
  • Vesiculovirus / genetics*
  • Viral Structural Proteins / genetics
  • Viral Structural Proteins / immunology
  • Viral Vaccines / administration & dosage
  • Viral Vaccines / genetics
  • Viral Vaccines / immunology*

Substances

  • Drug Carriers
  • Vaccines, Synthetic
  • Viral Structural Proteins
  • Viral Vaccines