Abstract
The use of a combination of ketamine and propofol (ketofol) for procedural sedation and analgesia in the emergency department setting shows promise as an agent that may minimize adverse effects of ketamine or propofol as single agents. This article provides a summary of current literature regarding ketofol. It also reviews the comparative pharmacokinetics, adverse effects, and dosing of ketamine, propofol, and ketofol as agents for procedural sedation and analgesia.
MeSH terms
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Adolescent
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Amnesia / chemically induced
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Analgesia / methods*
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Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / administration & dosage
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Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / adverse effects
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Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / pharmacokinetics
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Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / therapeutic use*
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Anesthetics, Dissociative / administration & dosage
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Anesthetics, Dissociative / adverse effects
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Anesthetics, Dissociative / pharmacokinetics
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Antiemetics / administration & dosage
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Antiemetics / therapeutic use
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Anxiety / prevention & control
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Child
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Child, Preschool
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Conscious Sedation / methods*
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Contraindications
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Drug Combinations
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Emergency Medical Services / methods*
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Hallucinations / chemically induced
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Hallucinations / prevention & control
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Hemodynamics / drug effects
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Humans
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Hypnotics and Sedatives / administration & dosage
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Hypnotics and Sedatives / adverse effects
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Hypnotics and Sedatives / pharmacokinetics
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Hypnotics and Sedatives / therapeutic use*
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Infant
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Infusions, Intravenous
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Injections, Intramuscular
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Ketamine / administration & dosage
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Ketamine / adverse effects
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Ketamine / pharmacokinetics
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Ketamine / therapeutic use*
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Nausea / chemically induced
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Nausea / prevention & control
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Pain / prevention & control
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Propofol / administration & dosage
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Propofol / adverse effects
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Propofol / pharmacokinetics
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Propofol / therapeutic use*
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Psychomotor Agitation / etiology
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Respiration Disorders / chemically induced
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Vomiting / chemically induced
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Vomiting / prevention & control
Substances
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Analgesics, Non-Narcotic
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Anesthetics, Dissociative
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Antiemetics
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Drug Combinations
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Hypnotics and Sedatives
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Ketamine
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Propofol