Purpose: To synthesize research regarding the low breastfeeding rates in Hispanic women living in the United States, particularly those who immigrate to this country and become acculturated.
Data sources: Extensive review of global literature on the subject.
Conclusions: Exclusive and continued breastfeeding rates in the United States have increased in recent years but remain low, and no state in the United States currently meets the Healthy People 2010 recommendations. Due to the increasing number of Hispanic women immigrating to the United States and having children, it is imperative to develop appropriate culturally specific guidelines in breastfeeding promotion programs. When providing care to a Hispanic mother, clinicians can best assist this population by holistically reviewing all aspects of a woman's life including her environment and relationships with others to provide positive outcomes that ultimately benefit Hispanic mothers and their newborns.
Implications for practice: Guidelines and interventions for initiating and continuing breastfeeding in Hispanic women are proposed, including providing a bilingual personal breastfeeding advocate, as well as group classes that incorporate traditional Hispanic cultural beliefs and allow the women to devise personal breastfeeding plans.