Hepatitis C viral NS3-4A protease activity is enhanced by the NS3 helicase

J Biol Chem. 2008 Oct 31;283(44):29929-37. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M804065200. Epub 2008 Aug 22.

Abstract

Non-structural protein 3 (NS3) is a multifunctional enzyme possessing serine protease, NTPase, and RNA unwinding activities that are required for hepatitis C viral (HCV) replication. HCV non-structural protein 4A (NS4A) binds to the N-terminal NS3 protease domain to stimulate NS3 serine protease activity. In addition, the NS3 protease domain enhances the RNA binding, ATPase, and RNA unwinding activities of the C-terminal NS3 helicase domain (NS3hel). To determine whether NS3hel enhances the NS3 serine protease activity, we purified truncated and full-length NS3-4A complexes and examined their serine protease activities under a variety of salt and pH conditions. Our results indicate that the helicase domain enhances serine protease activity, just as the protease domain enhances helicase activity. Thus, the two enzymatic domains of NS3-4A are highly interdependent. This is the first time that such a complete interdependence has been demonstrated for a multifunctional, single chain enzyme. NS3-4A domain interdependence has important implications for function during the viral lifecycle as well as for the design of inhibitor screens that target the NS3-4A protease.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Cloning, Molecular
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Escherichia coli / metabolism
  • Genotype
  • Hepacivirus / metabolism*
  • Hepatitis C / metabolism*
  • Hepatitis C / virology*
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Kinetics
  • Peptide Hydrolases / metabolism
  • Protein Structure, Tertiary
  • RNA Helicases / chemistry
  • Salts / chemistry
  • Serine / chemistry
  • Time Factors
  • Viral Nonstructural Proteins / metabolism*

Substances

  • NS3 protein, hepatitis C virus
  • Salts
  • Viral Nonstructural Proteins
  • Serine
  • Peptide Hydrolases
  • RNA Helicases