Abstract
In the developing nervous system, nerve cells and axons respond to various attractive and repulsive guidance cues while traveling to their final destination. Netrins are bifunctional guidance cues that attract several classes of axons but repel others. The response of an axon to netrins is dictated by the composition of netrin receptors on the cell surface and the internal state of the growth cone. Recent analyses have identified several signal transduction pathways that contribute to netrin-mediated guidance. A model emerges in which tyrosine phosphorylation, phosphatidylinositol signaling and regulation by Rho GTPases act in concert to trigger extension of axons and turning of growth cones in response to Netrin1.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
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Review
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Cell Differentiation / physiology
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Growth Cones / metabolism*
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Growth Cones / ultrastructure
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Humans
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Nerve Growth Factors / metabolism*
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Nervous System / embryology*
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Nervous System / metabolism*
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Netrin Receptors
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Netrin-1
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Phosphatidylinositols / metabolism
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Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / metabolism
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Receptors, Cell Surface / metabolism
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Signal Transduction / physiology*
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Tumor Suppressor Proteins / metabolism*
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rho GTP-Binding Proteins / metabolism
Substances
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NTN1 protein, human
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Nerve Growth Factors
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Netrin Receptors
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Phosphatidylinositols
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Receptors, Cell Surface
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Tumor Suppressor Proteins
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Netrin-1
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Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
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rho GTP-Binding Proteins