Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) detect microbial infection and have an essential role in the induction of immune responses. TLRs can directly induce innate host defence responses, but the mechanisms of TLR-mediated control of adaptive immunity are not fully understood. Although TLR-induced dendritic cell maturation is required for activation of T-helper (T(H)) cells, the role of TLRs in B-cell activation and antibody production in vivo is not yet known. Here we show that activation and differentiation of T(H) cells is not sufficient for the induction of T-dependent B-cell responses. We find that, in addition to CD4+ T-cell help, generation of T-dependent antigen-specific antibody responses requires activation of TLRs in B cells.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / deficiency
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Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / genetics
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Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / metabolism
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Animals
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Antigens / immunology
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Antigens, Differentiation / genetics
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Antigens, Differentiation / metabolism
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B-Lymphocytes / cytology
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B-Lymphocytes / immunology*
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B-Lymphocytes / metabolism
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Cell Differentiation
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Genetic Complementation Test
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Lymphocyte Activation
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred C57BL
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Mice, Knockout
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Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88
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Receptors, Immunologic / deficiency
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Receptors, Immunologic / genetics
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Receptors, Immunologic / metabolism
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Signal Transduction
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T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / cytology
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T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / immunology
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Toll-Like Receptors / deficiency
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Toll-Like Receptors / genetics
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Toll-Like Receptors / immunology*
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Toll-Like Receptors / metabolism
Substances
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Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
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Antigens
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Antigens, Differentiation
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Myd88 protein, mouse
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Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88
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Receptors, Immunologic
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Toll-Like Receptors