Pathophysiological mechanism of seasonal affective disorder

J Affect Disord. 1997 Oct;46(1):25-38. doi: 10.1016/s0165-0327(97)00076-1.

Abstract

Despite the long history in medicine, the pathophysiological mechanism(s) of seasonal affective disorder (SAD) remain largely unknown. By employing a meta-analytic methodology, the authors of this study attempted to verify the validity of different pathophysiological mechanism(s) proposed for SAD. The findings showed that for phototherapy of medium light intensity, a combination of morning-evening therapy regime yielded the best therapeutic effect, and the antidepressant effect of the morning-evening light regime was superior to a single pulse of light administered at other times of day. Furthermore, the data showed that the antidepressant effect of a single pulse of light was similar for morning, midday, and evening light. These findings supported the photon-count hypothesis and refuted the proposed photoperiod, melatonin, and phase-shifting models of SAD.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis

MeSH terms

  • Circadian Rhythm / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Melatonin / physiology*
  • Phototherapy*
  • Seasonal Affective Disorder / physiopathology*
  • Seasonal Affective Disorder / psychology
  • Seasonal Affective Disorder / therapy
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Melatonin