Mesenchymal stromal cell-derived exosomes in cardiac regeneration and repair

Stem Cell Reports. 2021 Jul 13;16(7):1662-1673. doi: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.05.003. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Abstract

Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-derived exosomes play a promising role in regenerative medicine. Their trophic and immunomodulatory potential has made them a promising candidate for cardiac regeneration and repair. Numerous studies have demonstrated that MSC-derived exosomes can replicate the anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and pro-angiogenic and anti-fibrotic effects of their parent cells and are considered a substitute for cell-based therapies. In addition, their lower tumorigenic risk, superior immune tolerance, and superior stability compared with their parent stem cells make them an attractive option in regenerative medicine. The therapeutic effects of MSC-derived exosomes have consequently been evaluated for application in cardiac regeneration and repair. In this review, we summarize the potential mechanisms and therapeutic effects of MSC-derived exosomes in cardiac regeneration and repair and provide evidence to support their clinical application.

Keywords: cardiac regeneration and repair; exosome; mesenchymal stromal cell; myocardial infarction.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy
  • Exosomes / metabolism*
  • Heart / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells / metabolism*
  • MicroRNAs / genetics
  • MicroRNAs / metabolism
  • Regeneration / physiology*

Substances

  • MicroRNAs