CD4+ T cell depletion does not affect the level of viremia in chronically SHIVSF162P3N-infected Chinese cynomolgus monkeys

Virology. 2021 Aug:560:76-85. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2021.04.012. Epub 2021 May 7.

Abstract

Chronically SHIVSF162P3N-infected cynomolgus monkeys were used to determine the effects of the antibody-mediated acute CD4+ T cell depletion on viral load as well as on the immunological factors associated with disease progression. Compared with the control animals, CD4+ T cell-depleted animals with SHIV infection showed (i) little alteration in plasma viral load over the period of 22 weeks after the depletion; (ii) increased CD4+ T cell proliferation and turnover of macrophages at the early phase of the depletion, but subsequent decline to the basal levels; and (iii) little impact on the expression of the inflammatory cytokines and CC chemokines associated with disease progression. These findings indicate that the antibody-mediated acute CD4+ T cell depletion had minimal impact on plasma viral load and disease progression in chronically SHIVSF162P3N-infected cynomolgus monkeys. Future investigations are necessary to identify the key factor(s) related to the immune activation and macrophage infection during the CD4 deletion in chronic viral infection.

Keywords: CD4(+) T cell; Cynomolgus; Depletion; SHIV; Viremia.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • CD4 Lymphocyte Count
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / cytology
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • China
  • Cytokines / biosynthesis
  • Cytokines / blood
  • Disease Progression
  • Female
  • Lymphocyte Activation / immunology
  • Lymphocyte Depletion*
  • Macaca fascicularis
  • Macrophages / immunology
  • Macrophages / virology
  • Proof of Concept Study
  • Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / immunology
  • Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / virology
  • Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / immunology*
  • Viral Load
  • Viremia / blood*
  • Virus Replication / immunology*

Substances

  • Cytokines