Update of the statements on biology and clinical impact of occult hepatitis B virus infection

Affiliations

• ¹ Division of Clinical and Molecular Hepatology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy. Electronic address: raimondo@unime.it.
• ² Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory at the Doherty Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
• ³ Division of Clinical and Molecular Hepatology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy; Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
• ⁴ Cancer Research Center of Lyon, INSERM U1052, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon University, Lyon, France.
• ⁵ Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
• ⁶ Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.
• ⁷ Department of Hepatology, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany.
• ⁸ Singapore Institutes for Clinical Sciences, Singapore.
• ⁹ Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pisa University and Liver Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, Italy.
• ¹⁰ Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pavia, Italy.
• ¹¹ Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taiwan.
• ¹² Infectious Disease Unit, University of Campania, Italy.
• ¹³ Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
• ¹⁴ Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Palermo, Italy.
• ¹⁵ Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
• ¹⁶ University Hospital of Palermo, Italy.
• ¹⁷ Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Italy.
• ¹⁸ Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Campania, Naples, Italy.
• ¹⁹ Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Institute of Medical Virology, National Reference Centre for Hepatitis B and D Viruses, Biomedical Research Centre Seltersberg, Giessen, Germany.
• ²⁰ IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
• ²¹ Hepatitis Virus Diversity Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
• ²² Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan, Italy.
• ²³ Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
• ²⁴ NIDDK-NIH, USA.
• ²⁵ Division of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Torino, Italy.
• ²⁶ Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada.
• ²⁷ Department of Virology & INSERM U955, Henri Mondor Hospital, University of Paris-Est, Créteil, France.
• ²⁸ Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
• ²⁹ Division of Infectious Diseases, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy.
• ³⁰ Centre HépatoBiliaire, University Hôpital Paul Brousse, France.
• ³¹ UNIR Health Science School & Infectious Diseases & Tropical Medicine, La Paz University Madrid, Spain.
• ³² Division of Clinical and Molecular Hepatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Italy.
• ³³ Transfusion Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine INSERM U134, Paris, France.
• ³⁴ Internal Medicine Department, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
• ³⁵ Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China.