Efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Metabolic Syndrome Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Jaqueline Garcia-Silva; Nuria N Navarrete; María Isabel Peralta-Ramírez; Antonio García-Sánchez; Miguel Ángel Ferrer-González; Vicente E Caballo

doi:10.1016/j.jneb.2018.06.003

Efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Metabolic Syndrome Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

J Nutr Educ Behav. 2018 Oct;50(9):896-904. doi: 10.1016/j.jneb.2018.06.003. Epub 2018 Aug 9.

Authors

Jaqueline Garcia-Silva¹, Nuria N Navarrete², María Isabel Peralta-Ramírez³, Antonio García-Sánchez⁴, Miguel Ángel Ferrer-González⁴, Vicente E Caballo⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatment, School of Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
² Clinical Management Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Complex of Granada, Granada, Spain.
³ Department of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatment, School of Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; CIMCYC: Centre for Mind, Brain and Behavioral Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. Electronic address: mperalta@ugr.es.
⁴ Clinical Management Unit of Rheumatology, University Hospital Complex of Granada, Granada, Spain.
⁵ Department of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatment, School of Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; CIMCYC: Centre for Mind, Brain and Behavioral Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.

PMID: 30100127
DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2018.06.003

Abstract

Objective: Verify the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) in metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients.

Design, setting, participants, and intervention: In the Multimodal Intervention Program for Patients with Metabolic Syndrome clinical trial, 79 MetS patients completed the intervention. Of those, 48 belonged to the experimental group and 31 to the control group. The intervention received by the experimental group was CBT; the control group followed usual care and attended a workshop on healthy lifestyle.

Main outcome measure(s) and analysis: Anthropometric, biochemical, psychological, and lifestyle measures were taken before and after the intervention at 3 and 6 months. Analyses included paired t tests, ANOVA, and ANCOVA.

Results: The ANOVA results showed a statistically significant interaction between the 2 groups in waist circumference (P = .009), triglycerides (P = .015), and adherence to the MedDiet (P = .026). The ANCOVA results indicated between-group difference in waist circumference (P = .026 and .062 at 3 and 6months, respectively), in triglycerides (P = .009 and .860 at 3 and 6 months, respectively), and in MedDiet (P = .024 and .273 at 3 and 6 months, respectively).

Conclusions and implications: In interventions in which CBT was applied, significant improvements were observed in MetS patients, especially in adherence to the MedDiet.

Keywords: Mediterranean diet; cardiovascular diseases; cognitive behavioral therapy; metabolic syndrome; randomized controlled trial.

Publication types

Randomized Controlled Trial
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy*
Diet, Mediterranean*
Female
Humans
Male
Metabolic Syndrome / therapy*
Middle Aged
Patient Compliance