[Factors related to the use of pediatric emergency services: results from the Spanish National Health Survey]

Emergencias. 2017;29(2):117-121.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the frequency of use of Spanish pediatric emergency services, and to describe user profiles and geographic variations.

Material and methods: Descriptive study based on data from the Spanish National Health Survey. We calculated descriptive statistics and analyzed crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs).

Results: Thirty-five percent of the 5495 respondents had come to an emergency department in the past year, and 88.1% of them had used the services of a Spanish national health service hospital. Factors associated with higher use of emergency services were male sex of the patient, (OR, 1.202; 95% CI, 1.047-1.381), a higher educational level of parents (OR, 1.255; 95% CI, 0.983-1.603), and younger age of the child (OR, 0.909; 95% CI, 0.894-0.924). Emergency department use varied widely from one Spanish community to another. There was a positive correlation between use and the presence of a foreign-born population (ρ=0.495, P=.031).

Conclusion: The rate of emergency department use is high in Spain. Variability between geographic areas is considerable, and some variation is explained by population characteristics.

Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia de utilización de los servicios de urgencias (SU) en la población pediátrica española, describir el perfil de los usuarios y la variabilidad geográfica.

Metodo: Estudio descriptivo a partir de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud. Se calcularon estadísticos descriptivos, odds ratio (OR) crudas y ajustadas.

Resultados: De los 5.495 encuestados, el 35% acudió al SU en el último año, utilizando el 88,1% los servicios del Sistema Sanitario Público. El sexo varón [OR: 1,202 (IC 95%: 1,047-1,381)] y el nivel de estudios superiores [OR: 1,255 (IC 95%: 0,983-1,603)] se asociaron de forma significativa, y directa a la frecuentación, mientras que la edad lo hizo de forma inversa [OR: 0,909 (IC 95%: 0,894-0,924)]. La utilización de los SU es muy variable entre comunidades autónomas, encontrándose una correlación positiva con la población extranjera (ρ = 0,495, p = 0,031).

Conclusiones: La tasa de utilización de los SU en España es elevada. Existe una variabilidad considerable entre zonas geográficas, en parte explicada por las características de la población.

Keywords: Accesibilidad; Accessibility, health services; Demand, health services; Demanda asistencial; Hospital emergency department; Pediatric emergency services; Urgencias hospitalarias; Urgencias pediátricas.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Age Factors
  • Child
  • Child Health Services / statistics & numerical data*
  • Child, Preschool
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Diagnosis-Related Groups
  • Emergency Service, Hospital / statistics & numerical data*
  • Emigrants and Immigrants
  • Female
  • Health Services Accessibility
  • Health Surveys
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Odds Ratio
  • Pediatric Emergency Medicine / organization & administration
  • Sex Factors
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Spain