A Periodic Diet that Mimics Fasting Promotes Multi-System Regeneration, Enhanced Cognitive Performance, and Healthspan

Cell Metab. 2015 Jul 7;22(1):86-99. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2015.05.012. Epub 2015 Jun 18.

Abstract

Prolonged fasting (PF) promotes stress resistance, but its effects on longevity are poorly understood. We show that alternating PF and nutrient-rich medium extended yeast lifespan independently of established pro-longevity genes. In mice, 4 days of a diet that mimics fasting (FMD), developed to minimize the burden of PF, decreased the size of multiple organs/systems, an effect followed upon re-feeding by an elevated number of progenitor and stem cells and regeneration. Bi-monthly FMD cycles started at middle age extended longevity, lowered visceral fat, reduced cancer incidence and skin lesions, rejuvenated the immune system, and retarded bone mineral density loss. In old mice, FMD cycles promoted hippocampal neurogenesis, lowered IGF-1 levels and PKA activity, elevated NeuroD1, and improved cognitive performance. In a pilot clinical trial, three FMD cycles decreased risk factors/biomarkers for aging, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer without major adverse effects, providing support for the use of FMDs to promote healthspan.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Abdominal Fat / metabolism
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aging
  • Animals
  • Body Weight
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / diagnosis
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / diet therapy
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / metabolism
  • Cognition*
  • Diet
  • Fasting*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Longevity*
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasms / diet therapy
  • Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Neoplasms / pathology
  • Neurogenesis
  • Pilot Projects
  • Psychomotor Performance
  • Regeneration
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / cytology
  • Young Adult