Serum cytokine profile in patients with pancreatic cancer

Pancreas. 2014 Oct;43(7):1042-9. doi: 10.1097/MPA.0000000000000155.

Abstract

Objective: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is a deadly disease because of late diagnosis and chemoresistance. We aimed to find a panel of serum cytokines representing diagnostic and predictive biomarkers for pancreatic cancer.

Methods: A cytokine antibody array was performed to simultaneously identify 507 cytokines in sera of patients with pancreatic cancer and healthy controls. The nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test was used to pairwise compare the controls, the pretreated patients, and the posttreated patients. Fold changes greater than or equal to 1.5 or less than or equal to 1/1.5 were considered significant. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to assess the performance of the model. A leave-one-out cross-validation was used for estimating prediction error.

Results: Comparing the sera of pretreated patients against the control samples, the cytokines fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF-10/keratinocyte growth factor-2 (KGF-2), chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 11 interferon inducible T cell alpha chemokine (I-TAC)/chemokine [C-X-C motif] ligand 11 (CXCL11), oncostatin M (OSM), osteoactivin/glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B, and stem cell factor (SCF) were found significantly overexpressed. Besides, the cytokines CD30 ligand/tumor necrosis factor superfamily, member 8 (TNFSF8), chordin-like 2, FGF-10/KGF-2, growth/differentiation factor 15, I-TAC/CXCL11, OSM, and SCF were differentially expressed in response to treatment.

Conclusions: We propose a role for FGF-10/KGF-2, I-TAC/CXCL11, OSM, osteoactivin/glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B, and SCF as novel diagnostic biomarkers. CD30 ligand/TNFSF8, chordin-like 2, FGF-10/KGF-2, growth/differentiation factor 15, I-TAC/CXCL11, OSM, and SCF might represent as predictive biomarkers for gemcitabine and erlotinib response of patients with pancreatic cancer.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Antigens, Neoplasm / blood
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use
  • Area Under Curve
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / blood*
  • CA-19-9 Antigen / blood
  • Carcinoembryonic Antigen / blood
  • Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / blood*
  • Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / drug therapy
  • Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / epidemiology
  • Comorbidity
  • Cytokines / blood*
  • Deoxycytidine / administration & dosage
  • Deoxycytidine / analogs & derivatives
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / epidemiology
  • Erlotinib Hydrochloride
  • Female
  • Gemcitabine
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Proteins / blood*
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / blood*
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / epidemiology
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Quinazolines / administration & dosage
  • ROC Curve
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Smoking / epidemiology
  • Tumor Microenvironment

Substances

  • Antigens, Neoplasm
  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • CA-19-9 Antigen
  • Carcinoembryonic Antigen
  • Cytokines
  • Neoplasm Proteins
  • Quinazolines
  • Deoxycytidine
  • Erlotinib Hydrochloride
  • Gemcitabine