Wound healing of osteotomy defects prepared with piezo or conventional surgical instruments: a pilot study in rabbits

J Investig Clin Dent. 2015 Aug;6(3):211-20. doi: 10.1111/jicd.12097. Epub 2014 May 22.

Abstract

Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the wound-healing process following osteotomies performed with either conventional rotary burs or piezoelectric surgery in a rabbit model.

Methods: Two types of osteotomy window defects of the nasal cavities were prepared on the nasal bone of 16 adult New Zealand white rabbits with either a conventional rotary bur or piezo surgery. The defects were covered with a resorbable membrane. Four animals were killed at 1, 2, 3, and 5 weeks after the surgical procedure, respectively. Histological and morphometric evaluations were performed to assess the volumetric density of various tissue components: the blood clot, vascularized structures, provisional matrix, osteoid, mineralized bone, bone debris, residual tissue, and old bone.

Results: Significantly more bone debris was found at 1 week in the conventionally-prepared defects compared to the piezo surgically-prepared defects. At 2 and 3 weeks, a newly-formed hard tissue bridge, mainly composed of woven bone, was seen; however, no statistically-significant differences were observed. At 5 weeks, the defects were completely filled with newly-formed bone.

Conclusion: The defects prepared by piezo surgery showed a significantly decreased proportion of bone debris at 1 week, compared to conventional rotary bur defect.

Keywords: bone healing; defect; osteotomy; piezo; rabbit.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Absorbable Implants
  • Animals
  • Blood Coagulation / physiology
  • Bone Density / physiology
  • Bone Matrix / pathology
  • Calcification, Physiologic / physiology
  • Membranes, Artificial
  • Models, Animal
  • Nasal Bone / blood supply
  • Nasal Bone / pathology
  • Nasal Bone / surgery
  • Nasal Cavity / blood supply
  • Nasal Cavity / pathology
  • Nasal Cavity / surgery*
  • Osteoblasts / pathology
  • Osteoclasts / pathology
  • Osteogenesis / physiology
  • Osteotomy / instrumentation*
  • Piezosurgery / instrumentation*
  • Pilot Projects
  • Rabbits
  • Sinus Floor Augmentation / instrumentation
  • Wound Healing / physiology

Substances

  • Membranes, Artificial