Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) isoforms are profibrotic cytokines, par excellence, and have complex multifunctional effects on many systems, depending on the biologic setting. Retinoids are vitamin A derivatives that also have diverse effects in development, physiology, and disease. The interactions between these classes of molecules are, not surprisingly, highly complex and are dependent on the tissue, cellular, and molecular settings.
Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Embryonic Development / physiology
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Fetal Development / physiology
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Humans
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Neoplasms / drug therapy
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Neoplasms / metabolism*
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Receptors, Retinoic Acid / immunology
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Receptors, Retinoic Acid / metabolism
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Retinoid X Receptors / immunology
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Retinoid X Receptors / metabolism
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Retinoids / immunology
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Retinoids / metabolism*
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Retinoids / therapeutic use
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Signal Transduction
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Transforming Growth Factor beta / immunology
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Transforming Growth Factor beta / metabolism*
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Tretinoin / immunology
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Tretinoin / metabolism
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Vitamin A / immunology
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Vitamin A / metabolism
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Wound Healing / physiology*
Substances
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Receptors, Retinoic Acid
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Retinoid X Receptors
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Retinoids
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Transforming Growth Factor beta
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Vitamin A
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Tretinoin