Background: Previous studies have documented the effect of collaboration among physicians on the effectiveness in delivering health services and in producing better patient outcomes. However, there is no systematic empirical study suggesting the underlying relationship between the collaboration network of physicians and its effect on hospitalization cost and readmission rate. In this study, we explore the effect of different attributes (i.e. degree centrality, betweenness centrality, network density and network distance) of physician collaboration network (PCN) on hospitalization cost and readmission rate.
Method: We analyse health insurance claim data set of total hip replacement (THR) patients to construct PCN and to test the effect of its network attributes on hospitalization cost and readmission rate. We consider patient age as moderating factor, which could affect the relation of the PCN attributes with hospitalization cost and readmission rate.
Results: We find that degree centrality (i.e. level of involvement) and network density (i.e. level of connectedness) of PCN are negatively correlated with hospitalization cost and readmission rate. In contrast, betweenness centrality (i.e. capacity to control the flow of information) is found positively correlated with hospitalization cost and readmission rate. Distance (i.e. embeddedness of actors in a network) is found positively correlated with hospitalization cost but negatively correlated with readmission rate. We do not notice any significant impact of patient age on the relation of PCN attributes with hospitalization cost and readmission rate.
Conclusion: The results show that the structure of PCNs is related to indicators of hospital costs and quality (readmission). In their respective hospitals, health-care managers or administrators may follow our research findings to reduce cost and improve quality.