Association of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1, MMP-3 and MMP-9) and cyclooxygenase-2 gene polymorphisms and their proteins with chronic periodontitis

Arch Oral Biol. 2011 Oct;56(10):1081-90. doi: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2011.03.011. Epub 2011 Apr 11.

Abstract

Aims: The objective of this study was to investigate the association amongst the single nucleotide polymorphisms of genes encoding for matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 1, 3, 9 and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) of subjects. Protein production of MMPs, COX-2 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) were also investigated.

Methods: 280 chronic periodontitis patients and 250 periodontitis-free subjects were selected. DNA was extracted from blood samples of all patients, the polymorphic sites of the genes that encode for metalloproteinases and cyclooxygenase-2 were amplified using PCR, and digested with restriction enzymes. ELISA was used to determine the protein production of MMPs, COX-2 and VEGF.

Results: The mean probing depth (PD) was 5.4mm and the clinical attachment loss (CAL) was 6.4mm in patients group with at least 2 years history. 2G/2G genotype of MMP-1, the periodontitis patients presented frequency of 28% and the control only showed 3%. 5A/5A genotype of MMP-3, the periodontitis patients presented higher frequency of 55% than the control 40%. C/C of genotype MMP-9, the periodontitis patients presented higher frequency of 51% than the control 17%. C/C of genotype COX-2, the periodontitis patients demonstrated 28% frequency and the control was 3%. ELISA analysis determined a significant difference (p<0.001) in protein production between patient and control samples for the bio-markers. 12 cases with suspicious genotype of MMPs and in COX-2 showed the serum level was the highest value between other C/C genotype.

Conclusions: Combine genotype and serum expression of inflammatory mediators that may be a good bio-marker for diagnosis and prognosis of the periodontitis.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adenine
  • Adult
  • Alleles
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Chronic Periodontitis / classification
  • Chronic Periodontitis / enzymology*
  • Chronic Periodontitis / genetics
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 / blood
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 / genetics*
  • Cytosine
  • Female
  • Genotype
  • Guanine
  • Heterozygote
  • Homozygote
  • Humans
  • Inflammation Mediators / blood
  • Male
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / blood
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / genetics*
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 / blood
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 / genetics*
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / blood
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / genetics*
  • Middle Aged
  • Periodontal Attachment Loss / classification
  • Periodontal Pocket / classification
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / genetics*
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / genetics
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Inflammation Mediators
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
  • Guanine
  • Cytosine
  • Cyclooxygenase 2
  • MMP3 protein, human
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 3
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
  • MMP1 protein, human
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 1
  • Adenine