Abstract
Using ammonia monooxygenase alpha-subunit (amoA) gene and 16S rRNA gene, the community structure and abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in a nitrogen-removing reactor, which was operated for five phases, were characterized and quantified by cloning, terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP), and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The results suggested that the dominant AOB in the reactor fell to the genus Nitrosomonas, while the dominant AOA belonged to Crenarchaeotal Group I.1a in phylum Crenarchaeota. Real-time PCR results demonstrated that the levels of AOB amoA varied from 2.9 x 10(3) to 2.3 x 10(5) copies per nanogram DNA, greatly (about 60 times) higher than those of AOA, which ranged from 1.7 x 10(2) to 3.8 x 10(3) copies per nanogram DNA. This indicated the possible leading role of AOB in the nitrification process in this study. T-RFLP results showed that the AOB community structure significantly shifted in different phases while AOA only showed one major peak for all the phases. The analyses also suggested that the AOB community was more sensitive than that of AOA to operational conditions, such as ammonia loading and dissolved oxygen.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Ammonia / metabolism*
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Archaea / classification
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Archaea / genetics*
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Archaea / isolation & purification*
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Archaea / metabolism
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Archaeal Proteins / genetics
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Bacteria / classification
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Bacteria / genetics*
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Bacteria / isolation & purification*
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Bacteria / metabolism
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Bacterial Proteins / genetics
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Bioreactors / microbiology*
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DNA, Archaeal / genetics
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DNA, Bacterial / genetics
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DNA, Ribosomal / genetics
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Molecular Sequence Data
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Nitrogen / metabolism*
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Oxidoreductases / genetics
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Phylogeny
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Polymerase Chain Reaction
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Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length*
Substances
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Archaeal Proteins
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Bacterial Proteins
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DNA, Archaeal
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DNA, Bacterial
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DNA, Ribosomal
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Ammonia
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Oxidoreductases
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ammonia monooxygenase
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Nitrogen
Associated data
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GENBANK/FJ917560
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GENBANK/FJ917561
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GENBANK/FJ917562
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GENBANK/FJ917563
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GENBANK/FJ917564
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GENBANK/FJ917565
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GENBANK/FJ917566
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GENBANK/FJ917567
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GENBANK/FJ917568
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GENBANK/FJ917569
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GENBANK/FJ917570
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GENBANK/FJ917571
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GENBANK/FJ917572
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GENBANK/FJ917573
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GENBANK/FJ917574
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GENBANK/FJ917575
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GENBANK/FJ917576
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GENBANK/FJ917577
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GENBANK/FJ917578
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GENBANK/FJ917579
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GENBANK/FJ917580
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GENBANK/FJ917581
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GENBANK/FJ917582
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GENBANK/FJ917583
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GENBANK/FJ917584
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GENBANK/FJ917585
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GENBANK/FJ917586
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GENBANK/FJ917587
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GENBANK/FJ917588
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GENBANK/FJ917589
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GENBANK/FJ917590
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GENBANK/FJ917591
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GENBANK/FJ917592
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GENBANK/FJ917593
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GENBANK/FJ917594
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GENBANK/FJ917595