Characterization of the receptors for chicken GHRH and GHRH-related peptides: identification of a novel receptor for GHRH and the receptor for GHRH-LP (PRP)

Domest Anim Endocrinol. 2010 Jan;38(1):13-31. doi: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2009.07.008. Epub 2009 Aug 31.

Abstract

Growth hormone-releasing hormone and its structurally related peptides, GHRH-like peptide (GHRH-LP) (also called PRP), peptide histidine-isoleucine (PHI), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), have been reported to play important physiological roles in pituitary and extrapituitary tissues of vertebrates; however, little is known about the identity of these GHRH-related peptide receptors in birds. In this study, 6 receptors for GHRH and GHRH-related peptides (cGHRHR(1), cGHRHR(2), cGHRH-LPR, cPAC(1), cVPAC(1), and cVPAC(2)) were cloned from chicken brain or pituitary, and their functionalities were examined in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells using a pGL3-CRE-luciferase reporter system. Results showed that: (1) all receptors are G protein-coupled receptors functionally coupled to the intracellular PKA signaling pathway; (2) 2 GHRH receptors (cGHRHR(1) and cGHRHR(2)) were identified, and both receptors could be potently activated by cGHRH; (3) cGHRH-LP could activate its specific receptor cGHRH-LPR (cPRP-R), and it also activated cGHRHR(1) and cGHRHR(2); and (4) PACAP could potently activate its receptors cPAC(1), cVPAC(1) and cVPAC(2); however, cVPAC(1) and cVPAC(2) could also be effectively activated by cVIP and tPHI, indicating that they can serve as VIP receptors and potential PHI receptors. Using a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay, we further examined the mRNA expression of these receptors in adult chicken tissues. The expressions of cGHRHR(1), cGHRHR(2), and cGHRH-LPR are restricted mainly to the pituitary and/or brain, whereas cPAC(1), cVPAC(1), and cVPAC(2) are expressed in most of the tissues examined. Collectively, our study identified the receptors for chicken GHRH and GHRH-related peptides, including a novel GHRH receptor (cGHRHR(2)), and established a basis to elucidate the roles of these peptides in target tissues.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Base Sequence
  • CHO Cells
  • Chickens / genetics
  • Chickens / metabolism*
  • Cloning, Molecular
  • Cricetinae
  • Cricetulus
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide / genetics
  • Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide / metabolism*
  • RNA / chemistry
  • RNA / genetics
  • Receptors, Neuropeptide / genetics
  • Receptors, Neuropeptide / metabolism*
  • Receptors, Pituitary Hormone-Regulating Hormone / genetics
  • Receptors, Pituitary Hormone-Regulating Hormone / metabolism*
  • Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Type II / genetics
  • Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Type II / metabolism*
  • Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide, Type I / genetics
  • Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide, Type I / metabolism*
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / veterinary
  • Sequence Alignment
  • Sequence Analysis, DNA
  • Transfection / veterinary

Substances

  • Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide
  • Receptors, Neuropeptide
  • Receptors, Pituitary Hormone-Regulating Hormone
  • Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Type II
  • Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide, Type I
  • RNA
  • somatotropin releasing hormone receptor

Associated data

  • GENBANK/AY953142
  • GENBANK/EF209053
  • GENBANK/EF209054
  • GENBANK/EF514901
  • GENBANK/EF514902
  • GENBANK/EF581857
  • GENBANK/EF581858
  • GENBANK/EU056169