During the course of quality control studies of the collection of the NITE Biological Resource Center (NBRC), phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences of actinomycetes revealed that Streptomyces flavidofuscus NBRC 15404(T) formed a cluster with Nocardiopsis dassonvillei and Nocardiopsis synnemataformans. Strain NBRC 15404(T) contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as a cell-wall diamino acid and DNA-DNA hybridization studies also showed that S. flavidofuscus NBRC 15404(T) was a close relative of N. dassonvillei subsp. dassonvillei NBRC 14626(T). Based on chemotaxonomic, phenotypic and genetic analysis of the type strain, Streptomyces flavidofuscus should be reclassified as a later heterotypic synonym of Nocardiopsis dassonvillei subsp. dassonvillei.