Performance of the CES-D and its short forms in screening suicidality and hopelessness in the community

Suicide Life Threat Behav. 2007 Feb;37(1):79-88. doi: 10.1521/suli.2007.37.1.79.

Abstract

A measurement scale should be short and quick to complete if it is to be practically useful. Drawing on data from a community-based survey of 2,178 people in Hong Kong, we compared five short forms (5- to 10-item) and the original version (20-item) of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D; Radloff, 1977) in predicting suicidal attempts and suicidal thoughts. Short forms with as few as nine items performed in ways very similar to the full version; a version with only five items had a detectable difference from the full version. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values in differentiating people with and without suicidal thought or attempt change almost linearly with the cut-offs.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Community Mental Health Services / statistics & numerical data*
  • Depressive Disorder, Major / epidemiology*
  • Depressive Disorder, Major / psychology
  • Depressive Disorder, Major / therapy*
  • Female
  • Hong Kong / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mass Screening / methods*
  • Middle Aged
  • Prevalence
  • Prospective Studies
  • ROC Curve
  • Suicide, Attempted / statistics & numerical data*
  • Surveys and Questionnaires