Fatigue is reported to be a major symptom for many patients with cancer. However, little is known about this symptom among Chinese people who have cancer. A cross-sectional design was used to examine the intensity of fatigue in patients who underwent bone marrow transplantation for a hematologic malignancy, and to determine whether fatigue affected the quality of life in a Chinese sample (N = 157). The Revised Piper Fatigue Scale-Chinese Version was used to measure fatigue, and the Chinese version of the SF-36 Health Survey was used to measure quality of life. Overall, the subjects perceived a moderate level of fatigue (mean total fatigue score, 4.7 +/- 1.7). More than 15% reported experiencing a high level of fatigue. Subjects more likely to perceive a high level of fatigue were older, married, not employed, and on lower incomes. On post hoc tests, the group with a high level of fatigue scored significantly lower on quality-of-life domains than the other two groups (P <.05). The results may help nurses working with Chinese populations in identifying patients at risk for increased fatigue and in planning fatigue-relieving strategies.