Objectives: To study the relationship between domestic violence and postnatal blues/depression in a Chinese community.
Methods: This was a prospective cohort study on 838 women after delivery in a local university teaching hospital. Between October, 2000 and February, 2001, all Chinese speaking women after delivery were invited to be interviewed by a designated research nurse using the Abuse Assessment Screen (AAS) to detect the incidence of domestic violence, the nature of violence and the perpetrator of abuse. Demographic data, pregnancy outcome, Stein's Daily Scoring System (SDSS) scores on day 2 or 3 postdelivery, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) scores on day 2 or 3 postdelivery, 1-2 days after discharge from hospital and at 6 weeks postdelivery were compared between the abused and non-abused groups using Student's t-test, chi(2)-test and Fisher's exact test as appropriate.
Results: A total of 139 women (16.6%) had been abused in the last year (the abused group). Of these, 87 (10.4%) had been abused during the current pregnancy. The nature of abuse was mainly verbal. Fourteen women (1.7%) had been sexually abused in the last year. The husband/boyfriend, mother-in-law and employer/colleague were the most common perpetrators of abuse. Socio-demographic factors did not differ between the two groups except that pregnancy was more likely to be unplanned in the abused group (P=0.002). The pregnancy outcome did not differ. However, the abused group had significantly higher SDSS and EPDS scores at all stages of screening (P=0.003, P=0.000, P=0.010 and P=0.001, respectively).
Conclusion: The findings supported our hypothesis that the effect of domestic violence on Chinese pregnant women is mainly on their psychological well-being.