PMC

(A) Top 50 -mers ranked by the weight vector , depicted as a graph-mer, which are associated by the PLS procedure to the expression pattern of oocyte genes. Graph motif patterns were identified in the form of -mer clusters using the MCODE plug-in in Cytoscape. PSSMs generated through hierarchical sequence agglomeration of the corresponding -mer sets are indicated, revealing several CG-rich motifs. (B) Analysis of oocyte -mer conservation using the motif conservation score (MCS). The plot shows the distribution of (oocyte MCSnon-oocyte MCS) for top 50 -mers versus remaining -mers in . The score distribution for the top 50 -mers has a heavy right tail, showing that as a distribution, the top 50 -mers have higher oocyte-specific conservation scores as compared to other -mers (e-13 by a one-sided KS statistic). Significantly conserved -mers are annotated, including CG-rich -mers for oocyte genes. (C) Distribution of (sperm MCSnon-sperm MCS) for top 50 -mers versus remaining -mers in . The score distribution for the top 50 -mers has a heavy right tail, showing that the top 50 -mers have higher distribution of sperm-spefic conservation scores than other -mers (e-5, one-sided KS statistic). Significantly conserved -mers are annotated, including ACGTG motif for sperm genes.

MERS, Middle East respiratory syndrome.

(a) Schematic diagram of GO-MoS₂, MF MERS aptamer on GO-MoS₂, MERS-NV/MF MERS aptamer on GO-MoS₂ layers, respectively. AFM results of (b) surface morphology of GO-MoS₂, (c) surface morphology of MF MERS aptamer on GO-MoS₂ (d) Surface morphology of MERS-NV on MF MERS aptamer, (e) Surface roughness analysis results. (f) SERS spectra of the GO-MoS₂ nanocomposite (black line), MF MERS aptamer on GO-MoS₂ (red line), MERS-NV reacted with MF MERS aptamer on GO-MoS₂ (blue line), respectively. (g) Nyquist plot of the GO-MoS₂ nanocomposite (red dot line), MF MERS aptamer on GO-MoS₂ (blue dot line), MERS-NV reacted with MF MERS aptamer on GO-MoS₂ (green dot line), respectively.

(A) Relative apparent k_cat/K_m values for SARS and MERS PLpro for Ub- and ISG15-AMC hydrolysis, plotted as compared to SARS PLpro on Ub-AMC. Error bars represent SEM, calculated from Michealis-Menten kinetics as shown in ). Inlet – SARS and MERS PLpro were labeled by the ubiquitin activity based probe (Ub-PA). (B) P2, P3 and P4 specificity of MERS PLpro. (C) Comparison of the PS-SCL library consensus specificities for P2-P4 with the native cleavage sites used by MERS PLpro in the viral polypeptide. Amino acids are listed as their three letter codes (Φ, hydrophobic; +, positively charged); □ indicates cleavage by MERS PLpro. (D) Comparison of k_cat/K_m values for MERS PLpro on individual tetra-peptide substrates, that were synthetized based on the PS-SCL results in Figure 1. (E) A panel of wild-type and DUB-resistant (UbL73P) di-ubiquitin chains (M1-, K11-, K48- and K63-linked, displayed in the top left, top right, bottom left and bottom right corners, respectively) assayed with SARS PLpro, MERS PLpro and USP2_CD; showing how MERS PLpro can tolerate Pro in P4 in the context of full-length ubiquitin when it is part of a di-ubiquitin chain (F) MERS PLpro (at 100 nM) and SARS PLpro (at 100 nM) were assayed against a panel of di-ubiquitin chains of all 8 Ub-Ub linkages. Dotted lines indicate cropped images from different gels ran side-by-side (see also ).