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Congenital cerebellar hypoplasia(CHEGDD)

MedGen UID:
1695950
Concept ID:
C5231391
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Cerebellar hypoplasia/atrophy, epilepsy, and global developmental delay; CHEGDD; Isolated cerebellar hypoplasia/agenesis
 
Gene (location): OXR1 (8q23.1)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0008939
OMIM®: 213000
Orphanet: ORPHA1398

Definition

Cerebellar hypoplasia/atrophy, epilepsy, and global developmental delay is an autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by infantile onset of hypotonia and developmental delay with subsequent impaired intellectual development and severe speech delay. In childhood, affected individuals show delayed walking and develop epilepsy that is usually controlled by medication. Brain imaging shows cerebellar hypoplasia/atrophy (summary by Wang et al., 2019). [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
Cerebellar ataxia
MedGen UID:
849
Concept ID:
C0007758
Disease or Syndrome
Cerebellar ataxia refers to ataxia due to dysfunction of the cerebellum. This causes a variety of elementary neurological deficits including asynergy (lack of coordination between muscles, limbs and joints), dysmetria (lack of ability to judge distances that can lead to under- or overshoot in grasping movements), and dysdiadochokinesia (inability to perform rapid movements requiring antagonizing muscle groups to be switched on and off repeatedly).
Seizure
MedGen UID:
20693
Concept ID:
C0036572
Sign or Symptom
A seizure is an intermittent abnormality of nervous system physiology characterized by a transient occurrence of signs and/or symptoms due to abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain.
Tremor
MedGen UID:
21635
Concept ID:
C0040822
Sign or Symptom
An unintentional, oscillating to-and-fro muscle movement about a joint axis.
Cerebellar hypoplasia
MedGen UID:
120578
Concept ID:
C0266470
Congenital Abnormality
Cerebellar hypoplasia is a descriptive term implying a cerebellum with a reduced volume, but a normal shape and is stable over time.
Delayed speech and language development
MedGen UID:
105318
Concept ID:
C0454644
Finding
A degree of language development that is significantly below the norm for a child of a specified age.
Global developmental delay
MedGen UID:
107838
Concept ID:
C0557874
Finding
A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age.
Intellectual disability
MedGen UID:
811461
Concept ID:
C3714756
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Intellectual disability, previously referred to as mental retardation, is characterized by subnormal intellectual functioning that occurs during the developmental period. It is defined by an IQ score below 70.
Hypotonia
MedGen UID:
10133
Concept ID:
C0026827
Finding
Hypotonia is an abnormally low muscle tone (the amount of tension or resistance to movement in a muscle). Even when relaxed, muscles have a continuous and passive partial contraction which provides some resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia thus manifests as diminished resistance to passive stretching. Hypotonia is not the same as muscle weakness, although the two conditions can co-exist.
Scoliosis
MedGen UID:
11348
Concept ID:
C0036439
Disease or Syndrome
The presence of an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.
Nystagmus
MedGen UID:
45166
Concept ID:
C0028738
Disease or Syndrome
Rhythmic, involuntary oscillations of one or both eyes related to abnormality in fixation, conjugate gaze, or vestibular mechanisms.

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVCongenital cerebellar hypoplasia

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Yu QX, Jing XY, Lin XM, Zhen L, Li DZ
Prenat Diagn 2022 Nov;42(12):1488-1492. Epub 2022 Jul 18 doi: 10.1002/pd.6213. PMID: 35801292
Mandel AM
Handb Clin Neurol 2020;171:291-311. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64239-4.00015-1. PMID: 32736756
Kau T, Marterer R, Kottke R, Birnbacher R, Gellen J, Nagy E, Boltshauser E
Clin Neuroradiol 2020 Sep;30(3):435-445. Epub 2020 Jan 15 doi: 10.1007/s00062-019-00871-4. PMID: 31942658

Recent clinical studies

Diagnosis

al Shahwan SA, Bruyn GW, al Deeb SM
J Neurol Sci 1995 Jan;128(1):71-7. doi: 10.1016/0022-510x(94)00209-7. PMID: 7722536

Therapy

Abs R, Van Vleymen E, Parizel PM, Van Acker K, Martin M, Martin JJ
J Neurol Sci 1990 Sep;98(2-3):259-65. doi: 10.1016/0022-510x(90)90267-q. PMID: 2243234

Clinical prediction guides

Illarioshkin SN, Tanaka H, Markova ED, Nikolskaya NN, Ivanova-Smolenskaya IA, Tsuji S
Ann Neurol 1996 Jul;40(1):75-83. doi: 10.1002/ana.410400113. PMID: 8687195

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