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    Nell2 NEL-like 2 [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

    Gene ID: 54003, updated on 5-Nov-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Nell2provided by MGI
    Official Full Name
    NEL-like 2provided by MGI
    Primary source
    MGI:MGI:1858510
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000022454 AllianceGenome:MGI:1858510
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Mus musculus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
    Also known as
    mel91; A330108N19Rik
    Summary
    Enables identical protein binding activity. Involved in commissural neuron axon guidance and fertilization. Located in extracellular region. Is expressed in several structures, including alimentary system; autopod; central nervous system; limb mesenchyme; and sensory organ. Orthologous to human NELL2 (neural EGFL like 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
    Expression
    Biased expression in cortex adult (RPKM 60.0), frontal lobe adult (RPKM 49.2) and 7 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    human all
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    Genomic context

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    See Nell2 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    15 E3; 15 49.39 cM
    Exon count:
    23
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 15 NC_000081.7 (95117321..95426677, complement)
    108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 15 NC_000081.6 (95219440..95528796, complement)

    Chromosome 15 - NC_000081.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC100043315 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_39563 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 31075 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_39564 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 31370 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_39565 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_39566 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_39567 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_39568 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 31551 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 24668

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
    • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
    • BioProject: PRJNA66167
    • Publication: PMID 25409824
    • Analysis date: n/a

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Busulfan administration replicated the characteristics of the epididymal initial segment observed in mice lacking testis-epididymis lumicrine signaling. Kiyozumi D. J Reprod Dev, 2024 Apr 4. PMID 38346723, Free PMC Article
    2. Enhanced long-term potentiation in vivo in dentate gyrus of NELL2-deficient mice. Matsuyama S, et al. Neuroreport, 2004 Mar 1. PMID 15094495
    3. Spatial learning of mice lacking a neuron-specific epidermal growth factor family protein, NELL2. Matsuyama S, et al. J Pharmacol Sci, 2005 Jul. PMID 15988128
    4. Estrogen-dependent transcription of the NEL-like 2 (NELL2) gene and its role in protection from cell death. Choi EJ, et al. J Biol Chem, 2010 Aug 6. PMID 20538601, Free PMC Article
    5. Distinct actions of testicular endocrine and lumicrine signaling on the proximal epididymal transcriptome. Kiyozumi D. Reprod Biol Endocrinol, 2024 Apr 10. PMID 38600586, Free PMC Article

    See all (39) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Male mice in which Nell2 had been knocked out were infertile.
      Title: NELL2-mediated lumicrine signaling through OVCH2 is required for male fertility.
    2. Nell2 acts as a domain-specific positional label in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus that discriminates contralateral and ipsilateral retinal ganglion cell axons, and it plays essential roles in the establishment of the eye-specific retinogeniculate projection
      Title: Nell2 regulates the contralateral-versus-ipsilateral visual projection as a domain-specific positional cue.
    3. Cytosolic NELL2 specifically interacts with PKC beta isotypes and inhibits PKC beta1 through direct binding to the N-terminal pseudosubstrate domain of PKC beta1.
      Title: The cytosolic splicing variant of NELL2 inhibits PKCβ1 in glial cells.
    4. These findings identify NELL2 as an axon guidance cue and establish Robo3 as a multifunctional regulator of pathfinding that simultaneously mediates NELL2 repulsion, inhibits Slit repulsion, and facilitates Netrin attraction to achieve a common guidance purpose.
      Title: Operational redundancy in axon guidance through the multifunctional receptor Robo3 and its ligand NELL2.
    5. NELL2 plays an important role in the regulation of neuronal differentiation via control of N-cadherin expression and cell aggregation.
      Title: Neural epidermal growth factor-like like protein 2 (NELL2) promotes aggregation of embryonic carcinoma P19 cells by inducing N-cadherin expression.
    6. Nel interacts with a range of molecules through its different domains and exerts distinct functions.
      Title: Structure-function analysis of Nel, a thrombospondin-1-like glycoprotein involved in neural development and functions.
    7. the NELL2 gene is trans-activated by E2 and contributes to mediating the survival promoting effects of E2 via intracellular signaling pathway of ERK
      Title: Estrogen-dependent transcription of the NEL-like 2 (NELL2) gene and its role in protection from cell death.
    8. NELL2 plays an important role as a novel suppressor in long-term potentiation in vivo in the mouse dentate gyrus
      Title: Enhanced long-term potentiation in vivo in dentate gyrus of NELL2-deficient mice.
    9. NELL2 plays an important role in hippocampus-dependent spatial learning and that emotional learning does not depend critically on NELL2.
      Title: Spatial learning of mice lacking a neuron-specific epidermal growth factor family protein, NELL2.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Variation

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    Alleles

    Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables calcium ion binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    enables calcium ion binding ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    enables heparin binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables heparin binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    enables identical protein binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables identical protein binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein kinase C binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables protein kinase C binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in commissural neuron axon guidance IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in commissural neuron axon guidance ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in development of secondary female sexual characteristics ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in fertilization IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in neurogenesis ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in neuron cellular homeostasis ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in neuron cellular homeostasis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of hormone secretion ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of growth ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in cytoplasm ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in dendrite ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in extracellular region IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in extracellular region TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in extracellular space IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in extracellular space ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in perikaryon ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    protein kinase C-binding protein NELL2
    Names
    NEL-like protein 2
    nel-like 2 homolog

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001289653.1 → NP_001276582.1  protein kinase C-binding protein NELL2 precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001276582.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC109198, AC163991, AC164402
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS27775.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q61220, Q80UM5
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A2R8VHV8
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000074751.3, ENSMUST00000075275.3
      Conserved Domains (5) summary
      smart00179
      Location:558 → 592
      EGF_CA; Calcium-binding EGF-like domain
      smart00210
      Location:32 → 217
      TSPN; Thrombospondin N-terminal -like domains
      pfam07645
      Location:605 → 636
      EGF_CA; Calcium-binding EGF domain
      cl17735
      Location:277 → 333
      VWC; von Willebrand factor type C domain
      pfam12947
      Location:489 → 524
      EGF_3; EGF domain

    2. NM_001356950.1 → NP_001343879.1  protein kinase C-binding protein NELL2 precursor

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC109198, AC163991, AC164402
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS27775.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q61220, Q80UM5
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A2R8VHV8
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000131665.2, ENSMUST00000166170.9
      Conserved Domains (5) summary
      smart00179
      Location:558 → 592
      EGF_CA; Calcium-binding EGF-like domain
      smart00210
      Location:32 → 217
      TSPN; Thrombospondin N-terminal -like domains
      pfam07645
      Location:605 → 636
      EGF_CA; Calcium-binding EGF domain
      cl17735
      Location:277 → 333
      VWC; von Willebrand factor type C domain
      pfam12947
      Location:489 → 524
      EGF_3; EGF domain

    3. NM_001356951.1 → NP_001343880.1  protein kinase C-binding protein NELL2 precursor

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC109198, AC163991, AC164402
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS27775.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q61220, Q80UM5
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A2R8VHV8
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000155490.2, ENSMUST00000229981.2
      Conserved Domains (5) summary
      smart00179
      Location:558 → 592
      EGF_CA; Calcium-binding EGF-like domain
      smart00210
      Location:32 → 217
      TSPN; Thrombospondin N-terminal -like domains
      pfam07645
      Location:605 → 636
      EGF_CA; Calcium-binding EGF domain
      cl17735
      Location:277 → 333
      VWC; von Willebrand factor type C domain
      pfam12947
      Location:489 → 524
      EGF_3; EGF domain

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Genomic

    1. NC_000081.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

      Range
      95117321..95426677 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_006521163.3 → XP_006521226.1  protein kinase C-binding protein NELL2 isoform X1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006521226.1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q61220, Q80UM5
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A2R8VHV8
      Conserved Domains (5) summary
      smart00179
      Location:558 → 592
      EGF_CA; Calcium-binding EGF-like domain
      smart00210
      Location:32 → 217
      TSPN; Thrombospondin N-terminal -like domains
      pfam07645
      Location:605 → 636
      EGF_CA; Calcium-binding EGF domain
      cl17735
      Location:277 → 333
      VWC; von Willebrand factor type C domain
      pfam12947
      Location:489 → 524
      EGF_3; EGF domain

    2. XM_036159519.1 → XP_036015412.1  protein kinase C-binding protein NELL2 isoform X2

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A2R8VHV8
      Conserved Domains (6) summary
      smart00179
      Location:558 → 592
      EGF_CA; Calcium-binding EGF-like domain
      smart00210
      Location:32 → 217
      TSPN; Thrombospondin N-terminal -like domains
      pfam00093
      Location:277 → 333
      VWC; von Willebrand factor type C domain
      pfam07645
      Location:605 → 636
      EGF_CA; Calcium-binding EGF domain
      cl17735
      Location:708 → 758
      VWC; von Willebrand factor type C domain
      pfam12947
      Location:489 → 524
      EGF_3; EGF domain

    3. XM_006521164.5 → XP_006521227.1  protein kinase C-binding protein NELL2 isoform X2

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A2R8VHV8
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000155436.2, ENSMUST00000229933.2
      Conserved Domains (6) summary
      smart00179
      Location:558 → 592
      EGF_CA; Calcium-binding EGF-like domain
      smart00210
      Location:32 → 217
      TSPN; Thrombospondin N-terminal -like domains
      pfam00093
      Location:277 → 333
      VWC; von Willebrand factor type C domain
      pfam07645
      Location:605 → 636
      EGF_CA; Calcium-binding EGF domain
      cl17735
      Location:708 → 758
      VWC; von Willebrand factor type C domain
      pfam12947
      Location:489 → 524
      EGF_3; EGF domain

    Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

    The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

    1. NM_016743.2: Suppressed sequence

      Description
      NM_016743.2: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because currently there is insufficient support for the transcript.
    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q61220.3 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q61220

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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