Pak p21-activated kinase [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Pakprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: p21-activated kinaseprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0267698
Locus tag: Dmel_CG10295
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0267698
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: CG10295; D-Pak; Dmel\CG10295; DmPAK1; dpak; dPak; dPAK; Dpak; DPak; DPAK; dpak1; dPAK1; Dpak1; DPak1; l(3)psg4; p65[PAK]; pak; PaK; PAK; PAK-1; pak1; Pak1; PAK1; PAK2; psg4
Summary: Enables SH3 domain binding activity; protein serine/threonine kinase activity; and small GTPase binding activity. Involved in several processes, including dorsal closure, spreading of leading edge cells; instar larval or pupal morphogenesis; and positive regulation of synaptic assembly at neuromuscular junction. Located in several cellular components, including cell leading edge; lateral plasma membrane; and muscle cell postsynaptic specialization. Colocalizes with actin filament and focal adhesion. Is expressed in several structures, including anterior ectoderm; extended germ band embryo; neuropil; somatic muscle cell of prothorax; and synapse. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in breast cancer; ductal carcinoma in situ; non-syndromic X-linked intellectual disability 30; renal cell carcinoma; and schizophrenia. Orthologous to several human genes including PAK1 (p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 1) and PAK3 (p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 3). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 83E4-83E4; 3-47.5 cM

Exon count:: 11

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	3R	NT_033777.3 (6350896..6361614)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	3R	NT_033777.2 (2176618..2187336)

Chromosome 3R - NT_033777.3 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

The results indicate that the dPix-Git complex controls egg chamber morphogenesis by controlling myosin contractility and Pak kinase downstream of focal adhesions.
Title: The dPix-Git complex is essential to coordinate epithelial morphogenesis and regulate myosin during Drosophila egg chamber development.
Cdc42 also activates a second kinase, Pak1, to specify apical domain identity in Drosophila and mammalian epithelia.
Title: Pak1 Kinase Maintains Apical Membrane Identity in Epithelia.
dPAK associated with Henji through the Kelch repeats which is the domain essential for Henji localization and function at postsynapses. We propose that Henji acts at postsynapses to restrict both presynaptic bouton growth and postsynaptic GluRIIA abundance by modulating dPAK.
Title: Dbo/Henji Modulates Synaptic dPAK to Gate Glutamate Receptor Abundance and Postsynaptic Response.
only Neto-beta restored PAK synaptic accumulation at neto null NMJs. Thus, Neto engages in intracellular interactions that regulate the iGluR subtype composition by preferentially recruiting and/or stabilizing selective receptor subtypes.
Title: Neto-mediated intracellular interactions shape postsynaptic composition at the Drosophila neuromuscular junction.
The wide basal stalk in Pak mutants enables the formation of extra follicle stem cells (FSC) niches which are mispositioned and yet functional, indicating that the (FSC) niche can be established in diverse locations.
Title: A Pak-regulated cell intercalation event leading to a novel radial cell polarity is involved in positioning of the follicle stem cell niche in the Drosophila ovary.
The DPak1 has partially redundant functions in myoblast fusion in vivo, with DPak3 playing a major role.
Title: Group I PAKs function downstream of Rac to promote podosome invasion during myoblast fusion in vivo.
Pak both promotes and restricts myosin light chain phosphorylation in a temporally distinct manner during oogenesis.
Title: Genetic evidence for antagonism between Pak protein kinase and Rho1 small GTPase signaling in regulation of the actin cytoskeleton during Drosophila oogenesis.
Rac may signal through Pak and LIMK to result in uniform phosphorylation of cofilin in all the outer border cells.
Title: Regulation of cofilin phosphorylation and asymmetry in collective cell migration during morphogenesis.
The studies demonstrate a novel and crucial role for Pak1 and E-cadherin endocytosis in determining salivary gland lumen size and shape, and also identify a mechanism for multiple lumen formation.
Title: Pak1 control of E-cadherin endocytosis regulates salivary gland lumen size and shape.
dGIT (CG16728) and dPak are part of a complex that promotes proper muscle morphogenesis and myotube targeting during embryogenesis.
Title: The Drosophila homologue of Arf-GAP GIT1, dGIT, is required for proper muscle morphogenesis and guidance during embryogenesis.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (15)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables ATP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables SH3 domain binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables small GTPase binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in autophagic cell death	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in axon guidance	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in axon guidance	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in axon guidance	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in cell adhesion	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in cell migration	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in cellular response to starvation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in dorsal closure	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in dorsal closure, spreading of leading edge cells	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in imaginal disc-derived leg morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in intracellular signal transduction	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of synaptic assembly at neuromuscular junction	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of MAPK cascade	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in regulation of axonogenesis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in regulation of axonogenesis	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of neurotransmitter receptor localization to postsynaptic specialization membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of neurotransmitter receptor localization to postsynaptic specialization membrane	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of programmed cell death	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of synapse maturation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of synapse maturation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of synapse structure or activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in response to ecdysone	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in septate junction assembly	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
colocalizes_with actin filament	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cell leading edge	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoskeleton	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
colocalizes_with focal adhesion	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in lateral plasma membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in muscle cell postsynaptic specialization	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in neuromuscular junction	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in neuromuscular junction	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: p21-activated kinase

Names: CG10295-PA; CG10295-PB; CG10295-PC; CG10295-PE; CG10295-PF; CG10295-PG; CG10295-PH; CG10295-PI; CG10295-PJ; P21-activated kinase; P21-activating kinase; PAK kinase; PAK-kinase; Pak-PA; Pak-PB; Pak-PC; Pak-PE; Pak-PF; Pak-PG; Pak-PH; Pak-PI; Pak-PJ; Pak1 kinase; lethal (3) persistent salivary gland 4; p-21 activated kinase; p21 activated kinase; p21- activated kinase; p21-activated serine/threonine kinase; p21-associated kinase

NP_001138013.2

EC 2.7.11.1

NP_001262309.1

EC 2.7.11.1

NP_001262310.1

EC 2.7.11.1

NP_001262311.1

EC 2.7.11.1

NP_001262312.1

EC 2.7.11.1

NP_001262313.1

EC 2.7.11.1

NP_524681.1

EC 2.7.11.1

NP_731073.1

EC 2.7.11.1

NP_731074.1

EC 2.7.11.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NT_033777.3 Reference assembly

Range

6350896..6361614

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001275384.1 → NP_001262313.1 p21-activated kinase, isoform J [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001262313.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q24190, Q24213, Q9VI13

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd06647
Location:422 → 682

STKc_PAK_I; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Group I p21-activated kinase

pfam00786
Location:83 → 139

PBD; P21-Rho-binding domain
NM_169136.3 → NP_731073.1 p21-activated kinase, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_731073.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q24190, Q24213, Q9VI13

Related

FBpp0081212

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd06647
Location:422 → 682

STKc_PAK_I; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Group I p21-activated kinase

pfam00786
Location:83 → 139

PBD; P21-Rho-binding domain
NM_169137.3 → NP_731074.1 p21-activated kinase, isoform C [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_731074.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q24190, Q24213, Q9VI13

Related

FBpp0081211

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd06647
Location:422 → 682

STKc_PAK_I; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Group I p21-activated kinase

pfam00786
Location:83 → 139

PBD; P21-Rho-binding domain
NM_001144541.2 → NP_001138013.2 p21-activated kinase, isoform G [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001138013.2

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

B7Z0W0

Conserved Domains (3) summary

smart00220
Location:566 → 817

S_TKc; Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain

cd06647
Location:558 → 818

STKc_PAK_I; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Group I p21-activated kinase

pfam00786
Location:83 → 137

PBD; P21-Rho-binding domain
NM_001275382.1 → NP_001262311.1 p21-activated kinase, isoform H [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001262311.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

B7Z0W0

Conserved Domains (3) summary

smart00220
Location:566 → 817

S_TKc; Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain

cd06647
Location:558 → 818

STKc_PAK_I; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Group I p21-activated kinase

pfam00786
Location:83 → 137

PBD; P21-Rho-binding domain
NM_001275381.2 → NP_001262310.1 p21-activated kinase, isoform F [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001262310.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

B7Z0W0

Conserved Domains (3) summary

smart00220
Location:566 → 817

S_TKc; Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain

cd06647
Location:558 → 818

STKc_PAK_I; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Group I p21-activated kinase

pfam00786
Location:83 → 137

PBD; P21-Rho-binding domain
NM_079942.4 → NP_524681.1 p21-activated kinase, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_524681.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q24190, Q24213, Q9VI13

Related

FBpp0081213

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd06647
Location:422 → 682

STKc_PAK_I; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Group I p21-activated kinase

pfam00786
Location:83 → 139

PBD; P21-Rho-binding domain
NM_001275383.1 → NP_001262312.1 p21-activated kinase, isoform I [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001262312.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

B7Z0W0

Conserved Domains (3) summary

smart00220
Location:566 → 817

S_TKc; Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain

cd06647
Location:558 → 818

STKc_PAK_I; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Group I p21-activated kinase

pfam00786
Location:83 → 137

PBD; P21-Rho-binding domain
NM_001275380.2 → NP_001262309.1 p21-activated kinase, isoform E [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001262309.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q24190, Q24213, Q9VI13

Conserved Domains (2) summary

cd06647
Location:422 → 682

STKc_PAK_I; Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Group I p21-activated kinase

pfam00786
Location:83 → 139

PBD; P21-Rho-binding domain