salm spalt major [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: salmprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: spalt majorprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0261648
Locus tag: Dmel_CG6464
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0261648
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: 3602; B1164; CG6464; Dmel\CG6464; l(2)03602; sal; Sal; SAL; salII; salM; Salm; SalM; SALM; SAL[M]; slam; spalt; Spalt; SPALT
Summary: Predicted to enable DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific and RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Involved in several processes, including animal organ development; open tracheal system development; and regulation of RNA metabolic process. Located in nucleus. Is expressed in several structures, including anterior-posterior subdivision of organism; ectoderm; ectoderm anlage; extended germ band embryo; and eye disc. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in several diseases, including Duane retraction syndrome; Duane-radial ray syndrome; Holt-Oram syndrome; IVIC syndrome; and Townes-Brocks syndrome. Orthologous to several human genes including SALL1 (spalt like transcription factor 1) and SALL3 (spalt like transcription factor 3). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 32F1-32F2; 2-44 cM

Exon count:: 4

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	2L	NT_033779.5 (11434311..11445614, complement)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	2L	NT_033779.4 (11434311..11445614, complement)

Chromosome 2L - NT_033779.5 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

spalt is functionally conserved in Locusta and Drosophila to promote wing growth.
Title: spalt is functionally conserved in Locusta and Drosophila to promote wing growth.
we found that the Dpp target gene sal is only expressed in peripodial epithelium (DP, also known as pseudostratified columnar epithelia) , not in PE cells, also known as squamous epithelia, although pMad is present in the PE.
Title: Asymmetric distribution of Spalt in Drosophila wing squamous and columnar epithelia ensures correct cell morphogenesis.
Our results indicate that the head-specific gap gene empty spiracles can act as a repressor of Toy, while ocelliless (oc) and spalt major (salm) appear to act as positive regulators of toy gene expression
Title: Regulation of twin of eyeless during Drosophila development.
Identification of Salm/Salr candidate target genes in Drosophila melanogaster.
Title: The Spalt Transcription Factors Generate the Transcriptional Landscape of the Drosophila melanogaster Wing Pouch Central Region.
critical role of in programming the development of specialized flight muscles
Title: Developmental biology: taking flight.
identification of the transcription factor Spalt major (Salm) as a master regulator of fibrillar flight muscle fate in Drosophila; salm is necessary and sufficient to induce fibrillar muscle fate.
Title: Spalt mediates an evolutionarily conserved switch to fibrillar muscle fate in insects.
Drosophila Sal is a transcriptional repressors
Title: Drosophila Sal and Salr are transcriptional repressors.
results suggest that the zinc finger factors encoded by the salm/salr complex play important roles in defining cells of the early wing disc as dorsal body wall cells
Title: Spalt major controls the development of the notum and of wing hinge primordia of the Drosophila melanogaster wing imaginal disc.
Data show that two Smad proteins that are genetically required for the activation of the spalt (sal) gene in the wing, collaborate with the Hox protein Ultrabithorax (Ubx) to directly repress sal in the haltere.
Title: Collaboration between Smads and a Hox protein in target gene repression.
Spalt and senseless promote terminal R8 photoreceptor differentiation during pupal stages, including the regulation of rhodopsin expression.
Title: Regulation of R7 and R8 differentiation by the spalt genes.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (13)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

Dm0626 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:35075

Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in R7 cell differentiation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in R8 cell differentiation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in antennal joint development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in compound eye photoreceptor cell differentiation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in glial cell development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in imaginal disc-derived wing vein morphogenesis	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in male genitalia development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in male gonad development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in muscle organ morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of terminal cell fate specification, open tracheal system	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in notum cell fate specification	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in oenocyte development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in open tracheal system development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of alternative mRNA splicing, via spliceosome	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of cell fate specification	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in sensory organ development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in sensory perception of sound	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in sensory perception of sound	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in somatic muscle development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in spiracle morphogenesis, open tracheal system	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in tracheal pit formation in open tracheal system	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in nucleus	HDA more info	PubMed
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: spalt major

Names: CG6464-PA; CG6464-PB; Spalt-M; sal major; salm-PA; salm-PB; spalt; spalt M; spalt majr; spalt-major

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NT_033779.5 Reference assembly

Range

11434311..11445614 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001298914.1 → NP_001285843.1 spalt major, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001285843.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

X2JA59

Conserved Domains (4) summary

sd00017
Location:826 → 846

ZF_C2H2; C2H2 Zn finger [structural motif]

pfam00096
Location:451 → 473

zf-C2H2; Zinc finger, C2H2 type

pfam12756
Location:854 → 922

zf-C2H2_2; C2H2 type zinc-finger (2 copies)

pfam13465
Location:838 → 863

zf-H2C2_2; Zinc-finger double domain
NM_164966.3 → NP_723670.2 spalt major, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_723670.2

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P39770, Q8MSC6, Q9VKH2

Related

FBpp0088852

Conserved Domains (4) summary

sd00017
Location:826 → 846

ZF_C2H2; C2H2 Zn finger [structural motif]

pfam00096
Location:451 → 473

zf-C2H2; Zinc finger, C2H2 type

pfam12756
Location:854 → 922

zf-C2H2_2; C2H2 type zinc-finger (2 copies)

pfam13465
Location:838 → 863

zf-H2C2_2; Zinc-finger double domain