Gnai1 G protein subunit alpha i1 [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Gnai1provided by RGD
Official Full Name: G protein subunit alpha i1provided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:2713
See related: EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000057096 AllianceGenome:RGD:2713
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as: BPGTPB
Summary: Enables several functions, including GTPase activating protein binding activity; guanyl ribonucleotide binding activity; and magnesium ion binding activity. Involved in several processes, including cellular response to forskolin; neurotransmitter receptor localization to postsynaptic specialization membrane; and regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling. Located in centrosome; cytoplasm; and plasma membrane. Part of protein-containing complex. Is active in glutamatergic synapse and postsynapse. Orthologous to human GNAI1 (G protein subunit alpha i1). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Expression: Biased expression in Brain (RPKM 520.1), Kidney (RPKM 210.6) and 8 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 4q11

Exon count:: 8

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	4	NC_086022.1 (17706061..17790176)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	4	NC_051339.1 (16814000..16898119)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	4	NC_005103.4 (13405136..13486866)

Chromosome 4 - NC_086022.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Data suggest that Gnai1 subunit of GTP-binding protein catalyzes nucleotide exchange by selective perturbance of GDP-bound conformation of Gnai1 to metastable intermediate structural state and accelerates rate-limiting step of GDP release by surpassing kinetic barrier.
Title: The nucleotide-free state of heterotrimeric G proteins α-subunit adopts a highly stable conformation.
Induction of Galphai1 structural heterogeneity by Ric-8A provides a mechanism for nucleotide release
Title: Nanosecond Dynamics of Gαi1 Bound to Nucleotides or Ric-8A, a Gα Chaperone with GEF Activity.
Molecular dynamics simulation of a myristoylated G protein subunit alpha i1 (Galphai1)-GTP complex suggests that the myristoyl-induced conformational changes of the switch II and alpha helical domains create new possibilities for protein-protein interactions.
Title: Effect of N-Terminal Myristoylation on the Active Conformation of Gα(i1)-GTP.
stimulation of GPR17 by the small molecule agonist MDL29,951 (2-carboxy-4,6-dichloro-1H-indole-3-propionic acid) decreases myelin basic protein expression levels mainly by triggering the Galphai/o signaling pathway.
Title: The Orphan G Protein-coupled Receptor GPR17 Negatively Regulates Oligodendrocyte Differentiation via Gαi/o and Its Downstream Effector Molecules.
These results in part explain the mobility of Galphai1 protein upon reversible palmitoylation to meet one or another type of signaling protein partner.
Title: G protein-membrane interactions I: Gαi1 myristoyl and palmitoyl modifications in protein-lipid interactions and its implications in membrane microdomain localization.
site-directed mutagenesis suggests that this interaction between Switch I and the phosphate binding loop is important for receptor-mediated nucleotide exchange in the wild-type Galphai1 subunit.
Title: A transient interaction between the phosphate binding loop and switch I contributes to the allosteric network between receptor and nucleotide in Gαi1.
Inactive Galpha(i1)-GDP enhances the affinity of RGS14 for H-Ras-GTP in live cells, resulting in a ternary signaling complex that is further regulated by G protein-coupled receptors.
Title: Assembly and function of the regulator of G protein signaling 14 (RGS14)·H-Ras signaling complex in live cells are regulated by Gαi1 and Gαi-linked G protein-coupled receptors.
Data show complex formation between ERalpha, Galphai, and caveolin-1 in pituitary cells.
Title: Estrogen- and xenoestrogen-induced ERK signaling in pituitary tumor cells involves estrogen receptor-α interactions with G protein-αi and caveolin I.
The C-terminus of Galphai1 is shown to be a critical binding element for Ric-8A.
Title: The nucleotide exchange factor Ric-8A is a chaperone for the conformationally dynamic nucleotide-free state of Gαi1.
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor 2B and guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-binding protein G-alpha-i1) were affected by both thermogenesis-inducing conditions--ingestion of a high-fat diet and exposure to a cold environment.
Title: Distinct subsets of hypothalamic genes are modulated by two different thermogenesis-inducing stimuli.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (18)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables D2 dopamine receptor binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables D2 dopamine receptor binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables G protein activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables G protein activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables G protein-coupled receptor binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables G protein-coupled serotonin receptor binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables G protein-coupled serotonin receptor binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables GDP binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables GDP binding	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables GTP binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables GTP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables GTP binding	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables GTP binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables GTPase activating protein binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables GTPase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables GTPase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables GTPase activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables GTPase activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables GTPase activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
enables adenylate cyclase regulator activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables adenylate cyclase regulator activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables magnesium ion binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables magnesium ion binding	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in T cell migration	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in T cell migration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in adenylate cyclase-inhibiting serotonin receptor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in adenylate cyclase-inhibiting serotonin receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in cell division	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cell division	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in cell division	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in cellular response to forskolin	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of synaptic transmission	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in neurotransmitter receptor localization to postsynaptic specialization membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in neurotransmitter receptor localization to postsynaptic specialization membrane	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of protein localization to cell cortex	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of protein localization to cell cortex	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of protein localization to cell cortex	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of mitotic spindle organization	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in regulation of mitotic spindle organization	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of mitotic spindle organization	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
involved_in response to prostaglandin E	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in response to prostaglandin E	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cell cortex	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cell cortex	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cell cortex	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in centrosome	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in centrosome	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in centrosome	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cytosol	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in cytosol	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in glutamatergic synapse	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in glutamatergic synapse	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
part_of heterotrimeric G-protein complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of heterotrimeric G-protein complex	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
part_of heterotrimeric G-protein complex	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
part_of heterotrimeric G-protein complex	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
located_in midbody	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in midbody	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in midbody	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info
located_in nucleolus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nucleolus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in nucleoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nucleoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in plasma membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in plasma membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in plasma membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in postsynapse	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in postsynapse	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
part_of protein-containing complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1

Names: adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G alpha protein; guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting 1; guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 1; guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha inhibiting 1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i), alpha-1 subunit

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_013145.2 → NP_037277.1 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_037277.1

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

JAXUCZ010000004

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P10824, Q45QN2

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q45QM8

Related

ENSRNOP00000074036.1, ENSRNOT00000091004.3

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd00066
Location:34 → 348

G-alpha; Alpha subunit of G proteins (guanine nucleotide binding)