Grm2 glutamate metabotropic receptor 2 [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Grm2provided by RGD
Official Full Name: glutamate metabotropic receptor 2provided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:2743
See related: EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000013171 AllianceGenome:RGD:2743
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: PROVISIONAL
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Also known as: mGlu2
Summary: Enables group II metabotropic glutamate receptor activity and scaffold protein binding activity. Involved in several processes, including behavioral response to nicotine; positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction; and regulation of amine transport. Located in astrocyte projection and axon. Is active in presynaptic membrane. Used to study heroin dependence. Biomarker of schizophrenia. Orthologous to human GRM2 (glutamate metabotropic receptor 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
Expression: Restricted expression toward (RPKM 34.5) See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 8q32

Exon count:: 6

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	8	NC_086026.1 (116158810..116171857, complement)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	8	NC_051343.1 (107280099..107293159, complement)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	8	NC_005107.4 (115344999..115358628, complement)

Chromosome 8 - NC_086026.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 2 Expression Is Chronically Elevated in Male Rats With Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Related Behavioral Traits Following Repetitive Low-Level Blast Exposure.
Title: Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 2 Expression Is Chronically Elevated in Male Rats With Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Related Behavioral Traits Following Repetitive Low-Level Blast Exposure.
Oxytocin Prevents the Development of 3-NP-Induced Anxiety and Depression in Male and Female Rats: Possible Interaction of OXTR and mGluR2.
Title: Oxytocin Prevents the Development of 3-NP-Induced Anxiety and Depression in Male and Female Rats: Possible Interaction of OXTR and mGluR2.
Group II metabotropic glutamate receptor activation in the basolateral amygdala mediates individual differences in stress-induced changes in rapid eye movement sleep.
Title: Group II metabotropic glutamate receptor activation in the basolateral amygdala mediates individual differences in stress-induced changes in rapid eye movement sleep.
Modulation by chronic stress and ketamine of ionotropic AMPA/NMDA and metabotropic glutamate receptors in the rat hippocampus.
Title: Modulation by chronic stress and ketamine of ionotropic AMPA/NMDA and metabotropic glutamate receptors in the rat hippocampus.
ERalphaDelta4, an ERalpha splice variant missing exon4, interacts with caveolin-3 and mGluR2/3.
Title: ERαΔ4, an ERα splice variant missing exon4, interacts with caveolin-3 and mGluR2/3.
Compared to wild-type controls, mGluR2-knockout rats exhibited higher nucleus accumbens dopamine and locomotor responses to heroin and higher heroin self-administration.
Title: Deletion of the type 2 metabotropic glutamate receptor increases heroin abuse vulnerability in transgenic rats.
studies illustrate the significant contribution of mGluR2 to the antipsychotic-like, sleep and EEG effects of drugs acting on group II mGluRs; however, we also provide evidence of a role for mGluR3 activity in the control of sleep and wake cortical theta and gamma oscillations
Title: Investigating the role of mGluR2 versus mGluR3 in antipsychotic-like effects, sleep-wake architecture and network oscillatory activity using novel Han Wistar rats lacking mGluR2 expression.
Whereas both glutamate metabotropic receptor 2 and glutamate metabotropic receptor 4 couple to G proteins, G protein activation is mediated by mGlu4 heptahelical domain (HD) exclusively in glutamate metabotropic receptor 2-4 heterodimers.
Title: Allosteric control of an asymmetric transduction in a G protein-coupled receptor heterodimer.
Although assumed to form exclusive homodimers, 16 possible heterodimeric mGluRs have been proposed but their existence in native cells remains elusive. Study identified mGlu2-4 specific pharmacological fingerprints that were also observed in a neuronal cell line and in lateral perforant path terminals naturally expressing mGlu2 and mGlu4. Results show the existence of mGlu2-4 heterodimers in native cells.
Title: Pharmacological evidence for a metabotropic glutamate receptor heterodimer in neuronal cells.
activation of mGlu2 receptors is detrimental in the post-ischemic phase, and support the use of mGlu2 receptor antagonists in the experimental treatment of brain ischemia.
Title: Genetic deletion of mGlu2 metabotropic glutamate receptors improves the short-term outcome of cerebral transient focal ischemia.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (56)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables G protein-coupled receptor activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables calcium channel regulator activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables group II metabotropic glutamate receptor activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables group II metabotropic glutamate receptor activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables group II metabotropic glutamate receptor activity	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables scaffold protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in G protein-coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in behavioral response to nicotine	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to stress	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within cellular response to stress	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within gene expression	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in glutamate receptor signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in glutamate secretion	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within intracellular glutamate homeostasis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within long-term synaptic depression	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in presynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of dopamine secretion	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of glutamate secretion	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of neurotransmitter secretion	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of response to drug	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in response to cocaine	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in astrocyte projection	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in axon	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in dendrite	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in glutamatergic synapse	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in neuron projection	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in plasma membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in plasma membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in plasma membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
is_active_in postsynaptic membrane	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in presynapse	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
is_active_in presynaptic membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in presynaptic membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in presynaptic membrane	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: metabotropic glutamate receptor 2

Names: glutamate receptor, metabotropic 2; mGluR2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001105711.1 → NP_001099181.1 metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001099181.1

Status: PROVISIONAL

Source sequence(s)

CH473954

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P31421

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A8I6AGD5, A6I2U6

Related

ENSRNOP00000017607.2, ENSRNOT00000017607.5

Conserved Domains (3) summary

cd15447
Location:566 → 819

7tmC_mGluR2; metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 in group 2, member of the class C family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

cd06375
Location:26 → 480

PBP1_mGluR_groupII; ligand binding domain of the group II metabotropic glutamate receptor

pfam07562
Location:496 → 546

NCD3G; Nine Cysteines Domain of family 3 GPCR