TRH thyrotropin releasing hormone [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: TRHprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: thyrotropin releasing hormoneprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:12298
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000170893 MIM:613879; AllianceGenome:HGNC:12298
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: TRF; Pro-TRH
Summary: This gene encodes a member of the thyrotropin-releasing hormone family. Cleavage of the encoded proprotein releases mature thyrotropin-releasing hormone, which is a tripeptide hypothalamic regulatory hormone. The human proprotein contains six thyrotropin-releasing hormone tripeptides. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone is involved in the regulation and release of thyroid-stimulating hormone, as well as prolactin. Deficiency of this hormone has been associated with hypothalamic hypothyroidism. [provided by RefSeq, May 2013]
Expression: Biased expression in endometrium (RPKM 11.5), bone marrow (RPKM 1.1) and 1 other tissue See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 3q22.1

Exon count:: 3

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	3	NC_000003.12 (129974720..129977935)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	3	NC_060927.1 (132718521..132721736)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	3	NC_000003.11 (129693563..129696778)

Chromosome 3 - NC_000003.12 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Identification of the Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH) as a Novel Biomarker in the Prognosis for Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
Title: Identification of the Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH) as a Novel Biomarker in the Prognosis for Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
Is the link between elevated TSH and gestational diabetes mellitus dependant on diagnostic criteria and thyroid antibody status: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Title: Is the link between elevated TSH and gestational diabetes mellitus dependant on diagnostic criteria and thyroid antibody status: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
cg01009664 of TRH as a potential biomarker for oral squamous cell carcinoma and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
Title: TRH site-specific methylation in oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
TRH rs13097335 may have a protective role toward the development of breast cancer.
Title: Biased paternal transmission of TRH variant to female Down syndrome probands: possible correlation with low breast cancer frequency.
Data indicate that decrease of cholesterol level impaired the functional coupling between the thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor and the cognate G proteins.
Title: TRH-receptor mobility and function in intact and cholesterol-depleted plasma membrane of HEK293 cells stably expressing TRH-R-eGFP.
TRH, LH-RH and substance P are not affected in Alzheimer disease and Down's syndrome.
Title: Thyrotropin-releasing hormone, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone and substance P immuno-reactivity in post-mortem brain from cases of Alzheimer-type dementia and Down's syndrome.
Cpe mutations in mouse may affect processing of prothyrotropin releasing hormone into thyrotropin releasing hormone.
Title: Deficiencies in pro-thyrotropin-releasing hormone processing and abnormalities in thermoregulation in Cpefat/fat mice.
TRH inhibits melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) neurons by increasing synaptic inhibition from local GABA neurons.
Title: Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) inhibits melanin-concentrating hormone neurons: implications for TRH-mediated anorexic and arousal actions.
This study introduces TRH as a novel, potent, selective, and evolutionarily highly conserved neuroendocrine factor controlling human pigmentation in situ.
Title: Thyrotropin-releasing hormone selectively stimulates human hair follicle pigmentation.
Observational study of gene-disease association, gene-environment interaction, and pharmacogenomic / toxicogenomic. (HuGE Navigator)
Title: Variation at the NFATC2 locus increases the risk of thiazolidinedione-induced edema in the Diabetes REduction Assessment with ramipril and rosiglitazone Medication (DREAM) study.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (18)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Associated conditions

Description	Tests
Hypothalamic hypothyroidism MedGen: C0220998 OMIM: 275120 GeneReviews: Not available	not available

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:482076

TRH_4173 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:462936

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:489823

STS-M63582 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:20069

SGC35605 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:30570

RH80283 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:85921

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:480673

WI-22671 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:37843

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables thyrotropin-releasing hormone activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in adult walking behavior	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cell-cell signaling	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in eating behavior	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in histamine metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in hormone-mediated signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of glutamate secretion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of insulin secretion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in signal transduction	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in extracellular region	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in secretory granule	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: thyrotropin releasing hormone

Names: TSH-releasing factor; pro-thyrotropin-releasing hormone; prothyroliberin; protirelin; thyrotropin-releasing factor

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.