ClinVar Genomic variation as it relates to human health
NM_000143.4(FH):c.521C>G (p.Pro174Arg)
The aggregate germline classification for this variant, typically for a monogenic or Mendelian disorder as in the ACMG/AMP guidelines, or for response to a drug. This value is calculated by NCBI based on data from submitters. Read our rules for calculating the aggregate classification.
Stars represent the aggregate review status, or the level of review supporting the aggregate germline classification for this VCV record. This value is calculated by NCBI based on data from submitters. Read our rules for calculating the review status. The number of submissions which contribute to this review status is shown in parentheses.
No data submitted for somatic clinical impact
No data submitted for oncogenicity
Variant Details
- Identifiers
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NM_000143.4(FH):c.521C>G (p.Pro174Arg)
Variation ID: 29705 Accession: VCV000029705.44
- Type and length
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single nucleotide variant, 1 bp
- Location
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Cytogenetic: 1q43 1: 241512001 (GRCh38) [ NCBI UCSC ] 1: 241675301 (GRCh37) [ NCBI UCSC ]
- Timeline in ClinVar
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First in ClinVar Help The date this variant first appeared in ClinVar with each type of classification.
Last submission Help The date of the most recent submission for each type of classification for this variant.
Last evaluated Help The most recent date that a submitter evaluated this variant for each type of classification.
Germline Dec 6, 2014 Oct 8, 2024 May 28, 2024 - HGVS
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Nucleotide Protein Molecular
consequenceNM_000143.4:c.521C>G MANE Select Help Transcripts from the Matched Annotation from the NCBI and EMBL-EBI (MANE) collaboration.
NP_000134.2:p.Pro174Arg missense NC_000001.11:g.241512001G>C NC_000001.10:g.241675301G>C NG_012338.1:g.12754C>G LRG_504:g.12754C>G LRG_504t1:c.521C>G LRG_504p1:p.Pro174Arg - Protein change
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- Other names
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P174R
- Canonical SPDI
- NC_000001.11:241512000:G:C
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Functional
consequence HelpThe effect of the variant on RNA or protein function, based on experimental evidence from submitters.
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Global minor allele
frequency (GMAF) HelpThe global minor allele frequency calculated by the 1000 Genomes Project. The minor allele at this location is indicated in parentheses and may be different from the allele represented by this VCV record.
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Allele frequency
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The frequency of the allele represented by this VCV record.
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Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC) 0.00002
The Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD), exomes 0.00002
The Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD) 0.00003
Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) 0.00003
NHLBI Exome Sequencing Project (ESP) Exome Variant Server 0.00015
- Links
Genes
Gene | OMIM | ClinGen Gene Dosage Sensitivity Curation |
Variation Viewer
Help
Links to Variation Viewer, a genome browser to view variation data from NCBI databases. |
Related variants | ||
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HI score
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The haploinsufficiency score for the gene, curated by ClinGen’s Dosage Sensitivity Curation task team. |
TS score
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The triplosensitivity score for the gene, curated by ClinGen’s Dosage Sensitivity Curation task team. |
Within gene
Help
The number of variants in ClinVar that are contained within this gene, with a link to view the list of variants. |
All
Help
The number of variants in ClinVar for this gene, including smaller variants within the gene and larger CNVs that overlap or fully contain the gene. |
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FH | Sufficient evidence for dosage pathogenicity | No evidence available |
GRCh38 GRCh37 |
2032 | 2118 |
Conditions - Germline
Condition
Help
The condition for this variant-condition (RCV) record in ClinVar. |
Classification
Help
The aggregate germline classification for this variant-condition (RCV) record in ClinVar. The number of submissions that contribute to this aggregate classification is shown in parentheses. (# of submissions) |
Review status
Help
The aggregate review status for this variant-condition (RCV) record in ClinVar. This value is calculated by NCBI based on data from submitters. Read our rules for calculating the review status. |
Last evaluated
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The most recent date that a submitter evaluated this variant for the condition. |
Variation/condition record
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The RCV accession number, with most recent version number, for the variant-condition record, with a link to the RCV web page. |
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Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic (6) |
criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
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May 28, 2024 | RCV000022554.60 | |
Pathogenic (7) |
criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
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Mar 20, 2024 | RCV000078149.31 | |
Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic (2) |
criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
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Dec 8, 2022 | RCV000492836.15 | |
FH-related disorder
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Pathogenic (2) |
criteria provided, single submitter
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- | RCV003335052.2 |
not provided (1) |
no classification provided
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- | RCV003483435.1 |
Submissions - Germline
Classification
Help
The submitted germline classification for each SCV record. (Last evaluated) |
Review status
Help
Stars represent the review status, or the level of review supporting the submitted (SCV) record. This value is calculated by NCBI based on data from the submitter. Read our rules for calculating the review status. This column also includes a link to the submitter’s assertion criteria if provided, and the collection method. (Assertion criteria) |
Condition
Help
The condition for the classification, provided by the submitter for this submitted (SCV) record. This column also includes the affected status and allele origin of individuals observed with this variant. |
Submitter
Help
The submitting organization for this submitted (SCV) record. This column also includes the SCV accession and version number, the date this SCV first appeared in ClinVar, and the date that this SCV was last updated in ClinVar. |
More information
Help
This column includes more information supporting the classification, including citations, the comment on classification, and detailed evidence provided as observations of the variant by the submitter. |
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Pathogenic
(Dec 05, 2020)
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criteria provided, single submitter
Method: clinical testing
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not provided
Affected status: unknown
Allele origin:
germline
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ARUP Laboratories, Molecular Genetics and Genomics, ARUP Laboratories
Accession: SCV002048740.1
First in ClinVar: Jan 08, 2022 Last updated: Jan 08, 2022 |
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Pathogenic
(Jun 24, 2022)
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criteria provided, single submitter
Method: clinical testing
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not provided
Affected status: unknown
Allele origin:
unknown
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Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano
Accession: SCV004218884.1
First in ClinVar: Jan 06, 2024 Last updated: Jan 06, 2024 |
Comment:
The frequency of this variant in the general population, 0.000054 (7/129060 chromosomes, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org), is consistent with pathogenicity. This variant has been detected in individuals with … (more)
The frequency of this variant in the general population, 0.000054 (7/129060 chromosomes, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org), is consistent with pathogenicity. This variant has been detected in individuals with fumarase deficiency, who were compound heterozygous and homozygous for the variant (PMID: 22069215 (2012), 16575891 (2006), 12761039 (2003)). Additionally, the variant was shown to result in reduced enzyme activity (PMID: 12761039 (2003)). Based on the available information, this variant is classified as pathogenic. (less)
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Pathogenic
(Jan 29, 2024)
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criteria provided, single submitter
Method: clinical testing
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not provided
Affected status: unknown
Allele origin:
germline
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Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp
Accession: SCV000283674.11
First in ClinVar: Jul 01, 2016 Last updated: Feb 14, 2024 |
Comment:
This sequence change replaces proline, which is neutral and non-polar, with arginine, which is basic and polar, at codon 174 of the FH protein (p.Pro174Arg). … (more)
This sequence change replaces proline, which is neutral and non-polar, with arginine, which is basic and polar, at codon 174 of the FH protein (p.Pro174Arg). This variant is present in population databases (rs199822819, gnomAD 0.006%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with autosomal recessive fumarase deficiency (PMID: 12761039, 16575891, 22069215). In at least one individual the data is consistent with being in trans (on the opposite chromosome) from a pathogenic variant. This variant is also known as 392C>G (Pro131Arg). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 29705). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt FH protein function with a positive predictive value of 95%. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects FH function (PMID: 12761039, 16575891, 22595425). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. (less)
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Pathogenic
(Apr 08, 2024)
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criteria provided, single submitter
Method: clinical testing
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Fumarase deficiency
Affected status: unknown
Allele origin:
germline
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St. Jude Molecular Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
Accession: SCV002012378.3
First in ClinVar: Nov 13, 2021 Last updated: Apr 15, 2024 |
Comment:
The FH c.521C>G (p.Pro174Arg) missense change has a maximum subpopulation frequency of 0.0054% in gnomAD v2.1.1 (https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/). The in silico tool REVEL predicts a deleterious … (more)
The FH c.521C>G (p.Pro174Arg) missense change has a maximum subpopulation frequency of 0.0054% in gnomAD v2.1.1 (https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/). The in silico tool REVEL predicts a deleterious effect on protein function, but to our knowledge these predictions have not been confirmed by functional studies which interrogate this variant alone. This variant has been reported to be in trans with pathogenic variants in FH in individuals affected with autosomal recessive fumarase deficiency (PMID: 12761039, 22069215) and has been reported as homozygous in an individual with mild fumarase deficiency (PMID: 16575891). To our knowledge, this variant has not been reported in individuals with hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC) and individuals identified to be heterozygous for this variant did not have a personal or family history of HLRCC (PMID: 12761039, 16575891, 22069215). This variant is also known as c.392C>G (p.Pro131Arg) in the literature. In summary, this variant meets criteria to be classified as pathogenic with respect to autosomal recessive FH deficiency, and of uncertain significance with respect to autosomal dominant HLRCC. (less)
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Likely pathogenic
(Feb 16, 2024)
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criteria provided, single submitter
Method: clinical testing
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Fumarase deficiency
Affected status: unknown
Allele origin:
unknown
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Baylor Genetics
Accession: SCV004197294.2
First in ClinVar: Dec 30, 2023 Last updated: Jun 17, 2024 |
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Pathogenic
(May 28, 2024)
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criteria provided, single submitter
Method: clinical testing
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Fumarase deficiency
Affected status: unknown
Allele origin:
germline
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Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp
Accession: SCV005184523.1
First in ClinVar: Aug 11, 2024 Last updated: Aug 11, 2024 |
Comment:
Variant summary: FH c.521C>G (p.Pro174Arg) results in a non-conservative amino acid change located in the Fumarate lyase, N-terminal domain (IPR022761) of the encoded protein sequence. … (more)
Variant summary: FH c.521C>G (p.Pro174Arg) results in a non-conservative amino acid change located in the Fumarate lyase, N-terminal domain (IPR022761) of the encoded protein sequence. Five of five in-silico tools predict a damaging effect of the variant on protein function. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 2e-05 in 251304 control chromosomes. c.521C>G has been reported in the literature in multiple bi-allelelic individuals affected with Fumarate Hydratase Deficiency (examples: Alam_2003, Zeng_2006, Kimonis_2012, Mroch_2012, Ryder_2017). These data indicate that the variant is very likely to be associated with disease. The following publications have been ascertained in the context of this evaluation (PMID: 12761039, 29052812, 22595425, 16575891, 22069215). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 29705). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as pathogenic. (less)
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Pathogenic
(Mar 06, 2013)
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criteria provided, single submitter
Method: clinical testing
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not provided
Affected status: unknown
Allele origin:
germline
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Eurofins Ntd Llc (ga)
Accession: SCV000109987.8
First in ClinVar: Jan 17, 2014 Last updated: Mar 08, 2017 |
Number of individuals with the variant: 1
Sex: mixed
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Likely pathogenic
(Apr 27, 2017)
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criteria provided, single submitter
Method: clinical testing
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Fumarase deficiency
Affected status: unknown
Allele origin:
germline
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Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina
Accession: SCV000356713.3
First in ClinVar: Dec 06, 2016 Last updated: May 24, 2019 |
Comment:
The FH c.521C>G (p.Pro174Arg) missense variant has been reported in three studies in which it is found in a compound heterozygous state in four individuals … (more)
The FH c.521C>G (p.Pro174Arg) missense variant has been reported in three studies in which it is found in a compound heterozygous state in four individuals with fumarate hydratase, two of whom were siblings with a severe phenotype who carried the p.Pro174Arg variant and a deletion in the FH gene (Alam et al. 2003; Mroch et al. 2012; Kimonis et al. 2012). Control data are unavailable for the p.Pro174Arg variant, which is reported at a frequency of 0.00045 in the African American population of the Exome Sequencing Project but this is based on two alleles only in a region of good sequencing coverage so the variant is presumed rare. Functional studies in patient skin fibroblasts and cells lines showed that the variant resulted in between 13 - 25% fumarase activity compared to controls (Alam et al. 2003; Kimonis et al. 2012). Based on the evidence the p.Pro174Arg variant is classified as likely pathogenic for fumarate hydratase deficiency. This variant was observed by ICSL as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. (less)
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Likely pathogenic
(Jan 26, 2018)
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criteria provided, single submitter
Method: research
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Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome
Affected status: yes
Allele origin:
germline
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Academic Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge
Accession: SCV000992190.1
First in ClinVar: Sep 09, 2019 Last updated: Sep 09, 2019
Comment:
Identified as part of research study of individuals with multiple primary tumours referred for genetic assessment
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Comment:
Application of AMCG guidelines 2015. Used other ClinVar submission evidence where relevant. Loss of heterozygosity in tumours or immunohistochemistry abnormalities considered functional evidence of pathogenicity.
Clinical Features:
Pheochromocytoma (present)
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Pathogenic
(-)
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criteria provided, single submitter
Method: clinical testing
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FH-related disorders
Affected status: yes
Allele origin:
germline
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Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital San Diego
Accession: SCV004046437.1
First in ClinVar: Oct 21, 2023 Last updated: Oct 21, 2023 |
Comment:
This variant has been previously reported as a compound heterozygous and homozygous change in patients with fumarase deficiency (PMID: 12761039, 22069215, 16575891). Functional studies showed … (more)
This variant has been previously reported as a compound heterozygous and homozygous change in patients with fumarase deficiency (PMID: 12761039, 22069215, 16575891). Functional studies showed that the c.521C>G (p.Pro174Arg) variant resulted in an increase in excretion of fumaric acid and reduced fumarase activity in fibroblast cells (PMID: 22595425, 12761039, 16575891). The c.521C>G (p.Pro174Arg) variant is present in the heterozygous state in the gnomAD population database at a frequency of 0.002% (7/282696) and is absent in the homozygous state, thus is presumed to be rare. The c.521C>G (p.Pro174Arg) variant affects a highly conserved amino acid and is predicted by multiple in silico tools to have a deleterious effect on protein function. Based on the available evidence, the c.521C>G (p.Pro174Arg) variant is classified as Pathogenic. (less)
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Pathogenic
(Dec 08, 2022)
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criteria provided, single submitter
Method: clinical testing
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Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome
Affected status: unknown
Allele origin:
germline
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Ambry Genetics
Accession: SCV000581681.7
First in ClinVar: Jul 02, 2017 Last updated: May 01, 2024 |
Comment:
The p.P174R pathogenic mutation (also known as c.521C>G), located in coding exon 4 of the FH gene, results from a C to G substitution at … (more)
The p.P174R pathogenic mutation (also known as c.521C>G), located in coding exon 4 of the FH gene, results from a C to G substitution at nucleotide position 521. The proline at codon 174 is replaced by arginine, an amino acid with dissimilar properties. This alteration has been observed in multiple individuals with fumarate hydratase (FH) deficiency in conjunction with another mutation in trans or in a homozygous state (Alam NA et al. Hum. Mol. Genet. 2003 Jun;12:1241-52; Zeng WQ et al. Am. J. Med. Genet. A. 2006 May;140:1004-9; Mroch AR et al. Am. J. Med. Genet. A. 2012 Jan;158A:155-8; Ryder B et al. JIMD Rep 2018 Oct;40:77-83). In addition, patients with FH deficiency and this alteration have shown reduced enzyme activity (13-36%) relative to controls (Pollard PJ et al. Hum. Mol. Genet. 2005 Aug;14:2231-9; Zeng WQ et al. Am. J. Med. Genet. A. 2006 May;140:1004-9; Kimonis VE et al. Mol. Genet. Metab. 2012 Sep;107:241-2). Of note, this alteration is also designated as p.P131R in published literature. This amino acid position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be deleterious by in silico analysis. Based on the majority of available evidence to date, this alteration is classified as a disease-causing mutation in association with autosomal recessive FH deficiency when present along with a second pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant on the other allele; however, the association of this alteration with HLRCC is unlikely. (less)
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Pathogenic
(Mar 20, 2024)
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criteria provided, single submitter
Method: clinical testing
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Not Provided
Affected status: yes
Allele origin:
germline
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GeneDx
Accession: SCV000516751.7
First in ClinVar: Mar 08, 2017 Last updated: Sep 16, 2024 |
Comment:
Observed multiple times with a pathogenic variant on the opposite allele (in trans) and in the homozygous state in unrelated patients with fumarate hydratase deficiency, … (more)
Observed multiple times with a pathogenic variant on the opposite allele (in trans) and in the homozygous state in unrelated patients with fumarate hydratase deficiency, including those whose lymphocytes demonstrated decreased fumarate hydratase activity (PMID: 12761039, 15987702, 16575891, 22595425, 22069215, 29052812); Heterozygous individuals in the literature and at GeneDx with this variant have not been reported to have features of hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC); therefore, its association with HLRCC is uncertain (PMID: 22069215, 16575891); Published functional studies demonstrate reduced rate of conversion of fumarate and malate in vitro (PMID: 37255402); Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; Also known as p.(Pro131Arg); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 29909963, 20549362, 16029320, 16575891, 26580448, 31831373, 25637381, 21445611, 22069215, 22595425, 12761039, 15987702, 29052812, 16237213, 29086383, 11865300, 32191290, 34308104, 37255402) (less)
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Likely benign
(Jun 01, 2014)
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no assertion criteria provided
Method: research
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Fumarase deficiency
(Autosomal dominant inheritance)
Affected status: unknown
Allele origin:
germline
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CSER _CC_NCGL, University of Washington
Study: ESP 6500 variant annotation
Accession: SCV000190212.1 First in ClinVar: Dec 06, 2014 Last updated: Dec 06, 2014
Comment:
Variants classified for the Actionable exomic incidental findings in 6503 participants: challenges of variant classification manuscript
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Pathogenic
(Jan 01, 2012)
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no assertion criteria provided
Method: literature only
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FUMARASE DEFICIENCY
Affected status: not provided
Allele origin:
germline
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OMIM
Accession: SCV000043843.3
First in ClinVar: Apr 04, 2013 Last updated: Aug 22, 2016 |
Comment on evidence:
In 2 brothers with infantile-lethal fumarase deficiency (FMRD; 606812), Mroch et al. (2012) identified compound heterozygosity for a 521C-G transversion in the FH gene, resulting … (more)
In 2 brothers with infantile-lethal fumarase deficiency (FMRD; 606812), Mroch et al. (2012) identified compound heterozygosity for a 521C-G transversion in the FH gene, resulting in a pro174-to-arg (P174R) substitution, and a whole gene deletion (136850.0011). The older sib was born prematurely and showed hypotonia and respiratory insufficiency after birth. Both sibs had structural brain malformations, including ventriculomegaly and agenesis of the corpus callosum, detected by prenatal ultrasound. Both also had hepatic involvement, with cholestasis, variable iron deposition, fibrosis, and liver failure. Electron microscopy of the liver revealed multiple swollen mitochondria with flat, plate-like, haphazardly arranged cristae. Biochemical studies showed increased urinary tyrosine metabolites, citric cycle intermediates, citrulline, fumaric, malic, and succinic acids, and skin biopsy showed fumarase deficiency. Postmortem examination showed a distended abdomen, and the liver showed intrahepatic bile stasis. Both patients died at about 3 weeks of age. The second sib was diagnosed prenatally by molecular testing of amniocytes. (less)
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Pathogenic
(-)
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no assertion criteria provided
Method: clinical testing
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not provided
Affected status: yes
Allele origin:
germline
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Joint Genome Diagnostic Labs from Nijmegen and Maastricht, Radboudumc and MUMC+
Additional submitter:
Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen
Study: VKGL Data-share Consensus
Accession: SCV001955222.1 First in ClinVar: Oct 02, 2021 Last updated: Oct 02, 2021 |
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Pathogenic
(Jul 03, 2024)
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no assertion criteria provided
Method: clinical testing
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FH-related condition
Affected status: unknown
Allele origin:
germline
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PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences
Accession: SCV005360571.1
First in ClinVar: Oct 08, 2024 Last updated: Oct 08, 2024 |
Comment:
The FH c.521C>G variant is predicted to result in the amino acid substitution p.Pro174Arg. This variant has been reported in the compound heterozygous and homozygous … (more)
The FH c.521C>G variant is predicted to result in the amino acid substitution p.Pro174Arg. This variant has been reported in the compound heterozygous and homozygous states in individuals with autosomal recessive fumarase deficiency and may lead to a mild clinical presentation (Alam et al. 2003. PubMed ID: 12761039; Zeng et al. 2006. PubMed ID: 16575891; Mroch et al. 2012. PubMed ID: 22069215; Kimonis et al. 2012. PubMed ID: 22595425). Parents heterozygous for this variant in the aforementioned studies did not exhibit HLRCC phenotypes. This variant has been reported in a patient with bilateral pheochromocytoma, but the individual also harbored a stop loss MAX gene variant (Whitworth et al. 2018. PubMed ID: 29909963). Biochemical testing from this variant leads to increased fumaric acid, and in vitro analysis showed reduced enzyme activity (Zeng et al. 2006. PubMed ID: 16575891; Mroch et al. 2012. PubMed ID: 22069215; Kimonis et al. 2012. PubMed ID: 22595425). This variant is also known in the literature as P131R. We classify this variant as pathogenic. (less)
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Likely pathogenic
(-)
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no assertion criteria provided
Method: clinical testing
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not provided
Affected status: yes
Allele origin:
germline
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Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen
Study: VKGL Data-share Consensus
Accession: SCV001739661.3 First in ClinVar: Jul 07, 2021 Last updated: Sep 08, 2021 |
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not provided
(-)
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no classification provided
Method: phenotyping only
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Fumarase deficiency
Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer
Explanation for multiple conditions: Uncertain.
The variant was classified for several related diseases, possibly a spectrum of disease; the variant may be associated with one or more the diseases.
Affected status: unknown
Allele origin:
unknown
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GenomeConnect - Invitae Patient Insights Network
Accession: SCV004228558.1
First in ClinVar: Jan 26, 2024 Last updated: Jan 26, 2024 |
Comment:
Variant interpreted as Pathogenic and reported on 05-13-2019 by Lab Invitae. GenomeConnect-Invitae Patient Insights Network assertions are reported exactly as they appear on the patient-provided … (more)
Variant interpreted as Pathogenic and reported on 05-13-2019 by Lab Invitae. GenomeConnect-Invitae Patient Insights Network assertions are reported exactly as they appear on the patient-provided report from the testing laboratory. Registry team members make no attempt to reinterpret the clinical significance of the variant. Phenotypic details are available under supporting information. (less)
Clinical Features:
Family history of cancer (present)
Indication for testing: Presymptomatic, Family Testing
Age: 30-39 years
Sex: female
Method: Gene Panel Sequencing
Testing laboratory: Invitae
Date variant was reported to submitter: 2019-05-13
Testing laboratory interpretation: Pathogenic
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Germline Functional Evidence
There is no functional evidence in ClinVar for this variation. If you have generated functional data for this variation, please consider submitting that data to ClinVar. |
Citations for germline classification of this variant
HelpTitle | Author | Journal | Year | Link |
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Comprehensive Cancer-Predisposition Gene Testing in an Adult Multiple Primary Tumor Series Shows a Broad Range of Deleterious Variants and Atypical Tumor Phenotypes. | Whitworth J | American journal of human genetics | 2018 | PMID: 29909963 |
Fumarase Deficiency: A Safe and Potentially Disease Modifying Effect of High Fat/Low Carbohydrate Diet. | Ryder B | JIMD reports | 2018 | PMID: 29052812 |
Mild fumarase deficiency and a trial of low protein diet. | Kimonis VE | Molecular genetics and metabolism | 2012 | PMID: 22595425 |
Detection of a novel FH whole gene deletion in the propositus leading to subsequent prenatal diagnosis in a sibship with fumarase deficiency. | Mroch AR | American journal of medical genetics. Part A | 2012 | PMID: 22069215 |
Fumarase deficiency caused by homozygous P131R mutation and paternal partial isodisomy of chromosome 1. | Zeng WQ | American journal of medical genetics. Part A | 2006 | PMID: 16575891 |
Genetic and functional analyses of FH mutations in multiple cutaneous and uterine leiomyomatosis, hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cancer, and fumarate hydratase deficiency. | Alam NA | Human molecular genetics | 2003 | PMID: 12761039 |
Germline mutations in FH predispose to dominantly inherited uterine fibroids, skin leiomyomata and papillary renal cell cancer. | Tomlinson IP | Nature genetics | 2002 | PMID: 11865300 |
http://www.egl-eurofins.com/emvclass/emvclass.php?approved_symbol=FH | - | - | - | - |
Text-mined citations for rs199822819 ...
HelpRecord last updated Nov 03, 2024
This date represents the last time this VCV record was updated. The update may be due to an update to one of the included submitted records (SCVs), or due to an update that ClinVar made to the variant such as adding HGVS expressions or a rs number. So this date may be different from the date of the “most recent submission” reported at the top of this page.