As of 2017, the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance continues unabated around the world, leaving devastating health and economic outcomes in its wake. Those consequences will multiply if collaborative global action is not taken to address the spread of resistance. Major drivers of antimicrobial resistance in humans have been accelerated by inappropriate antimicrobial prescribing in health care practices; the inappropriate use of antimicrobials in livestock; and the promulgation of antibiotic resistance genes in the environment.

To explore the issue of antimicrobial resistance, the Forum of Microbial Threats planned a public workshop. Participants explored issues of antimicrobial resistance through the lens of One Health, which is a collaborative approach of multiple disciplines—working locally, nationally, and globally—for strengthening systems to counter infectious diseases and related issues that threaten human, animal, and environmental health, with an end point of improving global health and achieving gains in development. They also discussed immediate and short-term actions and research needs that will have the greatest effect on reducing antimicrobial resistance, while taking into account the complexities of bridging different sectors and disciplines to address this global threat. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

Contents

• The National Academies of SCIENCES • ENGINEERING • MEDICINE
• PLANNING COMMITTEE ON COMBATING ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE: A ONE HEALTH APPROACH TO A GLOBAL THREAT
• FORUM ON MICROBIAL THREATS
• Reviewers
• Acknowledgments
• Acronyms and Abbreviations
• 1. Introduction
  • WORKSHOP OBJECTIVES
  • ORGANIZATION OF THE PROCEEDINGS OF A WORKSHOP
• 2. The Global Momentum to Counter Antimicrobial Resistance
  • MOVING FROM KNOWLEDGE TO ACTION
  • DEVISING AND PRIORITIZING A STRATEGY FOR IMMEDIATE ACTION AND IMPLEMENTATION
• 3. Microbial and Genetic Movements Across the One Health Domains
  • STRENGTHENING THE KNOWLEDGE AND EVIDENCE BASE
  • DISCUSSION
  • ANTIMICROBIALS IN THE ENVIRONMENT
  • DISCUSSION
• 4. Applying Social and Behavioral Sciences to Combating Antimicrobial Resistance
  • REDUCING ANTIMICROBIAL USE: STEWARDSHIP PROGRAMS, INCENTIVES, AND POLICY
  • DISCUSSION
  • ACHIEVING DESIRED BEHAVIOR CHANGE THROUGH PREVENTION MEASURES AND EDUCATION
  • DISCUSSION
• 5. Research and Development Actions for Reducing the Need for Antimicrobials
  • SCIENTIFIC ADVANCES AND PROMISING RESEARCH TO REDUCE THE NEED FOR ANTIMICROBIALS FROM A HUMAN AND AN ANIMAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVE
  • VACCINATION TO REDUCE THE BURDEN OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
  • RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ACTIONS IN DIAGNOSTICS
  • ECONOMIC STRATEGIES FOR ACCELERATING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT FOR NEW ANTIMICROBIALS
  • DISCUSSION
• 6. Strengthening Partnerships and International Cooperation
  • IMPLEMENTATION OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION'S GLOBAL ACTION PLAN ON ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AT THE COUNTRY LEVEL
  • IMMEDIATE STRATEGIES TO DEVELOP OR REFINE PARTNERSHIPS
  • THE ROLE OF PARTNERSHIPS IN ADDRESSING ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
  • DISCUSSION
• 7. Moving from Knowledge to Action—Participants' Perspectives
  • SUGGESTED ACTIONS TO IMPROVE SURVEILLANCE
  • SUGGESTED ACTIONS TO IMPROVE STEWARDSHIP, INFECTION PREVENTION, AND BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION
  • SUGGESTED ACTIONS TO IMPROVE BASIC AND APPLIED RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
  • SUGGESTED ACTIONS TO IMPROVE GLOBAL POLICY AND COORDINATION
  • SYNTHESIS AND GENERAL DISCUSSION
• References
• APPENDIXES
  • Appendix A. Statement of Task
  • Appendix B. Workshop Agenda
  • Appendix C. Biographical Sketches of Workshop Speakers and Moderators

Rapporteurs: Anna Nicholson, V. Ayano Ogawa, and Ceci Mundaca-Shah.

Suggested citation:

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Combating antimicrobial resistance: A One Health approach to a global threat: Proceedings of a workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: https://doi.org/10.17226/24914.