The public health burden from lung cancer is substantial: it is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Given the individual and population health burden of lung cancer, especially when it is diagnosed at later stages, there has been a push to develop and implement screening strategies for early detection. However, many factors need to be considered for broad implementation of lung cancer screening in clinical practice. Effective implementation will entail understanding the balance of potential benefits and harms of lung cancer screening, defining and reaching eligible populations, addressing health disparities, and many more considerations.

In recognition of the substantial challenges to developing effective lung cancer screening programs in clinical practice, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a workshop in June 2016. At the workshop, experts described the current evidence base for lung cancer screening, the current challenges of implementation, and opportunities to overcome them. Workshop participants also explored capacity and access issues; best practices for screening programs; assessment of patient outcomes, quality, and value in lung cancer screening; and research needs that could improve implementation efforts. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

Contents

• The National Academies of SCIENCES • ENGINEERING • MEDICINE
• WORKSHOP PLANNING COMMITTEE
• NATIONAL CANCER POLICY FORUM
• Reviewers
• IN MEMORIAM
• Acknowledgments
• Acronyms and Abbreviations
• Proceedings of a Workshop
  • INTRODUCTION
  • EVIDENCE BASE FOR LUNG CANCER SCREENING
  • ELIGIBILITY, CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINES, AND MODELING
  • INSURANCE COVERAGE OF LUNG CANCER SCREENING
  • SHARED DECISION MAKING
  • CHALLENGES TO IMPLEMENTATION OF LUNG CANCER SCREENING PROGRAMS
  • OVERCOMING IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGES
  • SCREENING PROGRAM CAPACITY
  • STRUCTURING LUNG CANCER SCREENING PROGRAMS
  • ENSURING THE QUALITY OF LUNG CANCER SCREENING
  • SMOKING CESSATION AND LUNG CANCER SCREENING
  • VALUE AND EFFICIENCY IN LUNG CANCER SCREENING
  • SUGGESTED AREAS OF RESEARCH
  • WORKSHOP WRAP-UP
  • REFERENCES
• Appendix A. Statement of Task
• Appendix B. Workshop Agenda
• Appendix C. Glossary

Rapporteurs: Sharyl J. Nass, Margie Patlak, and Erin Balogh.

Suggested citation:

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2017. Implementation of lung cancer screening: Proceedings of a workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: https://doi.org/10.172216/23680.