Box 24Non-English journal titles

• For a non-English journal title in the roman alphabet (French, German, Spanish, Italian, etc.):

  • Provide the title in the original language
  • Abbreviate it according to the Abbreviation rules for journal titles
  • Capitalize all remaining title words, including abbreviations
  • Indicate the language of the article after the availability statement (URL)
    Example:

    • Terraza Nunez R, Vargas Lorenzo I, Vazquez Navarrete ML. [Coordination among healthcare levels: systematization of tools and measures]. Gac Sanit [Internet]. 2006 Nov-Dec [cited 2007 Jan 9];20(6):485-95. Available from: http://db.doyma.es/cgi-bin/wdbcgi.exe/doyma/mrevista.pubmed_full?inctrl=05ZI0108&rev=138&vol=20&num=6&pag=485 Spanish.
• For a journal title in Cyrillic, Greek, Arabic, Hebrew, or Korean:

  • Romanize (write in the roman alphabet) the title. A good authority for romanization is the ALA-LC Romanization Tables.
  • Abbreviate it according to the Abbreviation rules for journal titles
  • Capitalize all remaining title words, including abbreviations
  • Indicate the language of the article after the availability statement (URL)
    Example:

    • Petrenko VM, Cherenko SO, Tarasenko OR, Tsygankova LM, Davidenko VV, Nedlinska NM. [Treatment and long-term results in patients with first diagnosed multiresistant destructive lung tuberculosis]. Ukr Himioter Z [Internet]. 2005 [cited 2007 Jan 10];(3-4):5-8. Available from: http://www.ifp.kiev.ua/doc/journals/uhj/05/pdf05-(3-4)/4.pdf Russian.
• For a journal title in a character-based language (Chinese, Japanese):

  • Romanize (write in the roman alphabet) the title. A good authority for romanization is the ALA-LC Romanization Tables.
  • Do not abbreviate any of the words or omit any words
  • Use the capitalization system of the particular language
  • Indicate the language of the article after the availability statement (URL)
    Example:

    • Takayanagi R, Yokoyama H, Ozeki T, Sasatsu M, Yamada Y. [Survey of the attitude of master course students of clinical pharmacy toward clinical trials]. Yakugaku Zasshi [Internet]. 2006 Jul [cited 2007 Jan 10];126(7):515-20. Available from: http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/yakushi/126/7/515/_pdf Chinese.
    • [It is not NLM practice, but you may translate journal titles in character-based languages. If you do, abbreviate the title according to the Abbreviation rules for journal titles and indicate the language of the article after the availability statement (URL).]
• Ignore diacritics, accents, and special characters in titles. This rule ignores some conventions used in non-English languages to simplify rules for English-language publications.

  • Treat letters marked with diacritics or accents as if they are not marked

    • Å   treated as   A
    • Ø   treated as   O
    • Ç   treated as   C
    • Ł   treated as   L
    • à   treated as   a
    • ĝ   treated as   g
    • ñ   treated as   n
    • ü   treated as   u
  • Treat two or more letters printed as a unit (ligated letters) as if they are two letters

    • æ   treated as   ae
    • œ   treated as   oe