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Human milk is considered the biologic norm for feeding the human infant during the first 6 months of life, and it is a preferred food from 6 to 12 months. It is a complex food and exerts its biologic effects well beyond its known nutritional value; however, human milk composition and the complexity of its composition is not wholly known or understood. Thus, defining the composition of milk, as well as both the individual and combined effects of milk components and the volume consumed on infant growth and development, is central to optimizing infant health. Furthermore, defining human milk composition, volume, and the myriad factors that influence milk components is needed for developing future Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) standards for nutrient intakes during the first 12 months of life. Scanning for New Evidence on the Nutrient Content of Human Milk examines the new and emerging evidence describing the nutrient content of human milk as well as the volume of milk consumed, both of which are needed to understand nutrient consumption by healthy breastfed infants. An evidence scan approach was used to summarize the status of the published literature on the nutrient content of human milk and to identify new evidence on nutrients in human milk that could inform the need for a systematic review as a component of the DRI process.
Contents
- The National Academies of SCIENCES • ENGINEERING • MEDICINE
- COMMITTEE ON SCANNING FOR NEW EVIDENCE ON THE NUTRIENT CONTENT OF HUMAN MILK
- Reviewers
- Summary
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Methodological Approach to Evidence Scanning
- 3. Results
- 4. Discussion and Future Directions
- A. Acronyms and Abbreviations
- B. Open Session Agenda
- C. Literature Search Results
- D. Revised Search Criteria
- E. Data Abstraction Spreadsheet
- F. Committee Member Biographies
Suggested citation:
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2020. Scanning for new evidence on the nutrient content of human milk: A process model for determining age-specific nutrient requirements. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/25943.
Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.17226/25943
Additional copies of this publication are available from the National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Keck 360, Washington, DC 20001; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313; http://www.nap.edu.
Printed in the United States of America
- NLM CatalogRelated NLM Catalog Entries
- Infant feeding practices.[J Am Diet Assoc. 1980]Infant feeding practices.Marlin DW, Picciano MF, Livant EC. J Am Diet Assoc. 1980 Dec; 77(6):668-76.
- Sources of energy and nutrients in the diets of infants and toddlers.[J Am Diet Assoc. 2006]Sources of energy and nutrients in the diets of infants and toddlers.Fox MK, Reidy K, Novak T, Ziegler P. J Am Diet Assoc. 2006 Jan; 106(1 Suppl 1):S28-42.
- Food and nutrient intake of 6- to 12-month-old infants fed formula or cow milk: a summary of four national surveys.[J Pediatr. 1990]Food and nutrient intake of 6- to 12-month-old infants fed formula or cow milk: a summary of four national surveys.Ernst JA, Brady MS, Rickard KA. J Pediatr. 1990 Aug; 117(2 Pt 2):S86-100.
- Review Personalizing nutrient intakes of formula-fed infants: breast milk as a model.[Nestle Nutr Workshop Ser Pedia...]Review Personalizing nutrient intakes of formula-fed infants: breast milk as a model.Lönnerdal B. Nestle Nutr Workshop Ser Pediatr Program. 2008; 62:189-98; discussion 198-203.
- Review Dietary reference intakes: concepts and approaches underlying protein and energy requirements.[Nestle Nutr Workshop Ser Pedia...]Review Dietary reference intakes: concepts and approaches underlying protein and energy requirements.Yates AA. Nestle Nutr Workshop Ser Pediatr Program. 2006; 58:79-90; discussion 90-4.
- Scanning for New Evidence on the Nutrient Content of Human MilkScanning for New Evidence on the Nutrient Content of Human Milk
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