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Ranji SR, Shetty K, Posley KA, et al. Closing the Quality Gap: A Critical Analysis of Quality Improvement Strategies (Vol. 6: Prevention of Healthcare–Associated Infections). Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2007 Jan. (Technical Reviews, No. 9.6.)

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Closing the Quality Gap: A Critical Analysis of Quality Improvement Strategies (Vol. 6: Prevention of Healthcare–Associated Infections).

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Table 12Quality criteria for simple before-after studies addressing catheter-associated urinary tract infections

Internal ValidityExternal Validity
AuthorDid the study report data on more than one time point before and after the intervention?If the study reported infection rates, did it also report process measurements?Was the intervention performed independent of other QI efforts or other changes?Did the study use NNIS/CDC methods for measuring infections?Did the study report infection rates in terms of device utilization?
Berg 199560 o
Danchaivijitr, 1992118 oN/AN/AN/A
Greco 199161 ooo
Huang 2004119 o
Rosenthal 2004120 o
Topal 2005122 oo
Dumigan 1998121 o

•: Yes

o: No

▴: Unclear

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